Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan.
Chemosphere. 2020 Aug;253:126685. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126685. Epub 2020 Apr 7.
Shellfishes can easily accumulate metals via water and sediment and which may pose a human health risk by consumption. This study assessed the distribution of metals, including Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Hg, in soft tissues of hard clam (Meretrix lusoria), surrounding water body, and sediment in the southwest coast of Taiwan. Hard clams contained the relatively higher concentration of the essential element, such as Zn, Cu, and Ni, and the metal concentration from high to low was Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr > Pb > Hg. However, the metal concentrations found in hard clam all were lower than the Sanitation Standard for Aquatic Animal of Taiwan. Results of bioaccumulation factors indicated that hard clam shows the ability of metal accumulation from water was higher than that from sediment. Moreover, the metal concentrations in hard clam were negatively correlated with body size except for Hg, which could be presented by the significant power function. Generally, hard clams from the aquaculture pond located on the southwest coast of Taiwan would not be harmful to adult consumers, except for people that consume shellfish more than 100 g. Besides strengthening the management of seafood safety and aquaculture, adjusting the eating and purchasing habits of the consumer could be a practical and feasible way for decreasing health risks. These results can assist the government in determining seafood safety and its implementation in Taiwan.
贝类可通过水和沉积物轻易地积累金属，而人类通过食用这些贝类可能会面临健康风险。本研究评估了台湾西南海岸的硬壳蛤（Meretrix lusoria）软体组织、周围水体和沉积物中包括 Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、Zn 和 Hg 在内的金属的分布情况。硬壳蛤含有相对较高浓度的必需元素，如 Zn、Cu 和 Ni，而金属浓度从高到低依次为 Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd>Cr>Pb>Hg。然而，硬壳蛤中的金属浓度均低于台湾的水产动物卫生标准。生物累积因子的结果表明，硬壳蛤从水中积累金属的能力高于从沉积物中积累的能力。此外，硬壳蛤的金属浓度与体型呈负相关，除了 Hg 之外，这可以通过显著的幂函数来表示。一般来说，来自台湾西南海岸养殖池塘的硬壳蛤对成年消费者无害，但对于那些食用贝类超过 100 克的人除外。除了加强对海鲜安全的管理和水产养殖之外，调整消费者的饮食和购买习惯是一种切实可行的降低健康风险的方法。这些结果可以帮助政府确定台湾的海鲜安全性及其实施情况。
