The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA.
Future Oncol. 2020 May;16(13):869-883. doi: 10.2217/fon-2019-0635. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
Multimodal properties of nanoparticles, such as simultaneously carrying drugs and/or diagnostic probes for site-specific delivery, make them excellent carriers for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Advantages are high permeability and selectivity to malignant cells to reduce systemic toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Based on a review of current literature, the lack of efficient and highly specific prostate cancer cell targeting moieties is hindering successful prostate cancer-targeted drug delivery systems. Highly specific nano-targeting moieties as drug delivery vehicles might improve chemotherapeutic delivery via targeting to specific receptors expressed on the surface of prostate cancer cells. This review describes nano-targeting moieties for management of prostate cancer and its cancer stem cells. Descriptions of targeting moieties using anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen, aptamer, anti-cluster of differentiation 24/44, folic acid and other targeting strategies are highlighted. Current research results are promising and may yield development of next-generation nanoscale theragnostic targeted modalities for prostate cancer treatment.
纳米粒子的多模态特性，如同时携带药物和/或诊断探针进行靶向递药，使它们成为前列腺癌诊断和治疗的优秀载体。其优势在于对恶性细胞具有高通透性和选择性，从而降低化疗药物的全身毒性。通过对当前文献的回顾，缺乏高效和高度特异的前列腺癌细胞靶向基团，这阻碍了成功的前列腺癌靶向药物传递系统的发展。作为药物传递载体的高度特异的纳米靶向基团，通过靶向表达在前列腺癌细胞表面的特定受体，可能会改善化疗药物的传递。本文综述了用于管理前列腺癌及其癌症干细胞的纳米靶向基团。重点介绍了使用抗前列腺特异性膜抗原、适体、抗分化簇 24/44、叶酸和其他靶向策略的靶向基团的描述。目前的研究结果很有前景，可能会开发出用于前列腺癌治疗的下一代纳米级治疗性靶向模式。
