Oehme F W
Clin Toxicol. 1977;10(1):1-21. doi: 10.3109/15563657708987956.
Animals are constantly exposed to a wide variety of foreign chemicals, many of which are potentially toxic and some of which result in the clinical poisonings. Pesticides are applied on or around animals for the control of insects and rodents. These chemicals may be placed in areas without regard for accessibility to household pets and domestic livestock. Insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides are routinely and haphazardly applied to animal and environmental surfaces alike with apparent disregard for differences in absorptive capability. Fortunately, newer herbicides and fungicides are relatively nonhazardous. Drugs are considered to have therapeutic effects, but the lay and professional person's disregard for species differences and variations in recommended dosages can result in poisonings. Adverse reactions may be misnomers for errors in judgment. Failure to provide satisfactory storage facilities for animal feeds and the improper preservation and handling of feedstuffs allow the growth and development of a variety of mycotoxins. Ignorance on the part of animal owners and livestockmen can result in a number of unusual and sometimes fatal clinical syndromes. The dependence of domestic animals and livestock upon their owners for the total environment makes these animals extremely susceptible to environmental pollutants. Exposure to noxious gases, irritating and hazardous industrial materials and wastes, water contaminants, and casually discarded compounds of our own use can and frequently do result in animal illnesses and death. Persons responsible for animals may be unaware of the potential hazard or lack good judgment in the use of these chemicals. Forceful and continuing education for the safe and sensible use of all foreign compounds on and around domestic animals and livestock is needed. Persons handling and applying these materials must recognize their responsibility, not only to themselves but also to their neighbors and the animals in their care.
动物不断接触各种各样的外来化学物质，其中许多具有潜在毒性，有些会导致临床中毒。为控制昆虫和啮齿动物，会在动物身上或其周围使用农药。这些化学物质可能被放置在不顾家宠和家畜是否能接触到的区域。杀虫剂、除草剂和杀菌剂通常随意地施用于动物和环境表面，显然无视吸收能力的差异。幸运的是，新型除草剂和杀菌剂相对无害。药物被认为具有治疗作用，但外行和专业人员对物种差异以及推荐剂量变化的忽视可能导致中毒。不良反应可能是判断错误的误称。未能为动物饲料提供令人满意的储存设施以及对饲料的不当保存和处理，会使各种霉菌毒素生长和发育。动物主人和饲养员的无知可能导致许多不寻常且有时致命的临床综合征。家畜和牲畜对其主人提供的整个环境的依赖，使这些动物极易受到环境污染物的影响。接触有害气体、刺激性和危险性工业材料及废物、水污染物以及我们随意丢弃的自用化合物，能够而且经常导致动物生病和死亡。负责动物的人可能没有意识到潜在危害，或者在使用这些化学物质时缺乏良好判断力。需要大力持续开展教育，以便安全合理地使用家畜和牲畜身上及周围的所有外来化合物。处理和施用这些物质的人必须认识到自己的责任，不仅是对自己，也是对邻居以及他们所照料的动物。
