Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2020 Apr 15;15(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13011-020-00269-3.
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy represents a significant public health concern. It has several adverse health effects for both the mother and the developing fetus. This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and the effect size of associated factors of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa countries.
The results of the review were reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement (PRISMA) guideline and, it was registered in the Prospero database, number CRD42019127103. The available primary studies were collated from different databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, African Journals Online and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Library. The main search terms were [((alcohol consumption) OR (alcohol drinking) OR (alcohol use) OR (ethanol use) OR (alcohol exposure)) AND ((pregnant women) OR (pregnant mother) OR (during pregnancy)) AND (Sub-Saharan Africa)]. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for critical appraisal of studies. The random-effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence. Heterogeneity between studies was checked using the I statistic and the Cochrane Q test.
The review resulted in 963 original studies after searching various databases, and finally 37 studies in qualitative synthesis and 30 articles in the systematic review and meta-analysis were included. The overall summary estimate of the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy was found to be 20.83% (95% CI: 18.21, 23.46). The pooled estimate of meta-analysis showed that depression (OR: 1.572; 95% CI: 1.34, 1.845), partners' alcohol use (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.57), knowledge on harmful effect of alcohol consumption (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.45) and, unplanned pregnancy (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.17, 4.63) were statistically significant factors with alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
The result showed that there was high alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Sub- Saharan Africa. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy was associated with depression, partners' alcohol use, unplanned pregnancy and knowledge of the harmful effects of alcohol consumption. Therefore, this will be a basis for public policy and resource allocation for prevention initiatives.
怀孕期间饮酒对公共健康构成重大威胁。它对母亲和发育中的胎儿都有许多不良健康影响。本研究旨在估计撒哈拉以南非洲国家怀孕期间饮酒的流行率和相关因素的效应大小。
根据系统评价和荟萃分析报告的首选报告项目（PRISMA）准则报告了综述的结果，并在 Prospero 数据库中进行了注册，编号为 CRD42019127103。从不同的数据库中收集了可用的原始研究：PubMed、CINAHL、Cochrane 图书馆、PsycINFO、Google Scholar、African Journals Online 和 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Library。主要搜索词为[((alcohol consumption) OR (alcohol drinking) OR (alcohol use) OR (ethanol use) OR (alcohol exposure)) AND ((pregnant women) OR (pregnant mother) OR (during pregnancy)) AND (Sub-Saharan Africa)]。我们使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所（JBI）对研究进行了批判性评价。使用随机效应模型估算了合并流行率。使用 I 统计量和 Cochrane Q 检验检查了研究之间的异质性。
在搜索各种数据库后，该综述共产生了 963 项原始研究，最终有 37 项研究进行了定性综合，30 项研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。怀孕期间饮酒的总体综合估计流行率为 20.83%（95%CI：18.21，23.46）。荟萃分析的合并估计表明，抑郁（OR：1.572；95%CI：1.34，1.845）、伴侣饮酒（OR：1.32，95%CI：1.11，1.57）、对酒精消费有害影响的认识（OR：0.36，95%CI：0.29，0.45）和意外怀孕（OR：2.33，95%CI：1.17，4.63）是与怀孕期间饮酒相关的统计学显著因素。
结果表明，撒哈拉以南非洲地区怀孕期间的饮酒率很高。怀孕期间饮酒与抑郁、伴侣饮酒、意外怀孕和对酒精危害的认识有关。因此，这将为预防举措的公共政策和资源分配提供依据。
