Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey.
Neuropediatrics. 2020 Oct;51(5):336-340. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1709455. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
Hot water epilepsy (HWE) is a subtype of reflex epilepsy in which seizures are triggered by the head being immersed in hot water. Hot water or bathing epilepsy is the type of reflex epilepsy most frequently encountered in our clinic. We describe our patients with HWE and also discuss the clinical features, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis. Eleven patients (10 boys, 1 girl), aged 12 months to 13 years, admitted to the pediatric neurology clinic between January 2018 and August 2019, and diagnosed with HWE or bathing epilepsy based on International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE)-2017, were followed up prospectively for ∼18 months. Patients' clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) findings and treatment details were noted. All 11 patients' seizures were triggered by hot water. Age at first seizure was between 2 months and 12 years. Seizure types were generalized motor seizures, absence, and atonic. EEG was normal in two patients, but nine patients had epileptiform discharges. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed and reported as normal (except in one case). Histories of prematurity were present in two patients, unprovoked seizures in one, and low birth weight and depressed birth in the other. Patients with HWE have normal neuromuscular development and neurological examination results, together with prophylaxis or seizure control with a single antiepileptic drug, suggesting that it is a self-limited reflex epilepsy.
热水性癫痫（HWE）是反射性癫痫的一种亚型，其发作是由头部浸入热水引起的。热水或沐浴性癫痫是我们诊所最常遇到的反射性癫痫类型。我们描述了患有 HWE 的患者，并讨论了其临床特征、治疗方法和预后。2018 年 1 月至 2019 年 8 月期间，11 名年龄在 12 个月至 13 岁的儿童因 HWE 或沐浴性癫痫就诊于儿科神经科诊所，根据国际抗癫痫联盟（ILAE）-2017 分类标准，对他们进行了前瞻性随访约 18 个月。记录了患者的临床和脑电图（EEG）发现以及治疗细节。所有 11 名患者的癫痫发作均由热水引发。首次癫痫发作的年龄为 2 个月至 12 岁。癫痫发作类型为全面性运动发作、失神发作和失张力发作。两名患者的 EEG 正常，但 9 名患者存在癫痫样放电。脑磁共振成像检查并报告正常（除了 1 例）。两名患者有早产史，1 例有未诱发性癫痫，1 例有低出生体重和出生时抑郁。HWE 患者具有正常的神经肌肉发育和神经检查结果，并且使用单一抗癫痫药物进行预防或控制癫痫发作，这表明它是一种自限性反射性癫痫。
