Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Emotion. 2022 Jun;22(4):627-640. doi: 10.1037/emo0000759. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Emotion dysregulation is a core feature of bipolar spectrum psychopathology and may confer risk for poor outcomes or progression along the bipolar spectrum. However, previous research on bipolar psychopathology has primarily concentrated on characterizing distinct mood episodes and failed to characterize microlevel dynamics of the experience of emotion. This is the first study to our knowledge to comprehensively examine the extent to which bipolar spectrum psychopathology, as measured by the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS), is associated with altered dynamics of positive (PA) and negative affect (NA) across multiple timescales. Young adults (n = 233) oversampled for high HPS scores (>1.5 SD) completed self-report questionnaires and 14 days of experience sampling questionnaires assessing high- and low-arousal NA and PA. Four emotion dynamics (reactivity, variability, instability, inertia) were computed from each participant's time series. As predicted, HPS scores were positively associated with variability and instability of high-arousal NA and PA both within and between days (over and above mean levels of emotions, depression, and neuroticism). Further, HPS scores were associated with large fluctuations in low- but not high-arousal NA and moderated stress reactivity. Specifically, high scorers on the HPS were more likely to report feeling like their emotions were out of control (but not high-intensity NA) when experiencing stress. Contrary to expectation, HPS scores were unassociated with inertia of high-arousal PA. Findings indicated that microlevel emotion dynamics are disrupted across multiple timescales in those high in bipolar spectrum psychopathology. Examining emotion dynamics should enhance understanding of risk for bipolar disorders and facilitate development of mood-monitoring interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
情绪调节障碍是双相谱系精神病理学的核心特征，可能会增加不良结局或沿着双相谱系发展的风险。然而，之前关于双相精神病理学的研究主要集中在描述不同的情绪发作上，而未能描述情绪体验的微观动态。这是我们所知的第一项全面研究双相谱系精神病理学（通过躁狂人格量表（HPS）测量）与多个时间尺度上积极情绪（PA）和消极情绪（NA）的变化动态之间关联的研究。高 HPS 评分（>1.5 标准差）的年轻成年人（n = 233）完成了自我报告问卷和 14 天的经验采样问卷，评估了高唤醒和低唤醒的 NA 和 PA。从每个参与者的时间序列中计算出四个情绪动态（反应性、变异性、不稳定性、惯性）。正如预测的那样，HPS 评分与高唤醒的 NA 和 PA 的日内和日间变异性和不稳定性呈正相关（超过情绪、抑郁和神经质的平均水平）。此外，HPS 评分与低唤醒但不与高唤醒的 NA 的大幅波动相关，并调节应激反应。具体来说，HPS 得分高的人在经历压力时更有可能报告感到情绪失控（但不是高强度的 NA）。与预期相反，HPS 评分与高唤醒 PA 的惯性无关。研究结果表明，在高双相谱系精神病理学人群中，多个时间尺度上的微观情绪动态都受到了干扰。研究情绪动态应该可以增强对双相障碍风险的理解，并有助于开发情绪监测干预措施。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
