埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴市公立医院外科病房护士预防手术部位感染的实践及相关因素：一项横断面研究。
Practice of and associated factors regarding prevention of surgical site infection among nurses working in the surgical units of public hospitals in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Apr 16;15(4):e0231270. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231270. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Surgical site infections are one of the commonest types of healthcare-associated infections. Up to 60% of these infections are estimated to be preventable by using evidence-based guidelines. As a front line caregiver, nurses are responsible for the majority of preventive activities. Hence, the enhanced practical skill of nurses is an essential component in preventive actions.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess the practice of nurses and identify factors associated with it regarding prevention of surgical site infections in Addis Ababa city public hospitals.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out from March 01-30, 2018. An adapted and pretested, self-administered questionnaire was utilized as a data collection tool. A stratified random sampling technique was employed by considering the level of hospitals as a stratum. Data were entered into a computer using Epi-data 3.1 statistical package. Then, it was exported to SPSS Version 23 for further analysis. Descriptive statistics were computed for the study variables. Bivariate regression analysis was also run to assess the association between independent variables and the level of nurse's practice. To see the relative effect of independent variables on the nurse's practice, a multivariable regression analysis was carried out.
RESULT
A total of 409 nurses returned the questionnaire with a response rate of 98%. Majority (60.4%) of the participants were females and 84.1% were BSc holders. Less than half, (48.9%) of the participants were found to have good practice regarding prevention of surgical site infection. Being male, having more work experience, higher educational level and using available infection prevention guidelines were significantly associated with practice at p <0.05.
CONCLUSION
More than half of the participants have inadequate practice regarding prevention of surgical site infection. Training nurses, making surgical site infection prevention guidelines easily accessible and ensuring possessed knowledge by nurses is potent enough and can be translated into desirable actions are recommended.
背景
手术部位感染是最常见的医院获得性感染之一。据估计，高达 60%的此类感染可以通过使用基于证据的指南来预防。作为一线护理人员，护士负责大部分预防活动。因此，提高护士的实际技能是预防措施的重要组成部分。
目的
本研究旨在评估护士的实践情况，并确定与预防亚的斯亚贝巴市公立医院手术部位感染相关的因素。
方法
这是一项 2018 年 3 月 1 日至 30 日进行的基于机构的横断面研究。采用改编和预测试的自填式问卷作为数据收集工具。考虑到医院的级别，采用分层随机抽样技术。数据使用 Epi-data 3.1 统计软件包输入计算机。然后，将其导出到 SPSS 版本 23 进行进一步分析。计算研究变量的描述性统计数据。还进行了二元回归分析，以评估独立变量与护士实践之间的关联。为了观察独立变量对护士实践的相对影响，进行了多变量回归分析。
结果
共有 409 名护士返回了问卷，应答率为 98%。大多数（60.4%）参与者为女性，84.1%为 BSc 持有者。只有不到一半（48.9%）的参与者在预防手术部位感染方面的实践被认为是良好的。男性、工作经验较多、教育程度较高和使用现有的感染预防指南与实践显著相关（p<0.05）。
结论
超过一半的参与者在预防手术部位感染方面的实践不足。建议培训护士、使手术部位感染预防指南易于获取并确保护士具备相关知识，这些措施具有潜力，并可以转化为理想的行动。
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