Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2020 Oct;19(5):429-434. doi: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2020.03.011. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
Estrogens regulate sexual function and also have a significant role in various pathophysiological processes. Estrogens have a non-reproductive role as the modulators of the immune system, growth, neuronal function, and metabolism. Estrogen receptors are expressed in the liver and their impaired expression and function are implicated with obesity and liver associated metabolic dysfunctions. The purpose of the current review is to discuss the disparity role of estrogens on several forms of liver diseases.
A comprehensive search in PubMed and EMBASE was conducted using the keywords "estrogens and liver diseases", "estradiol and liver diseases", "hormones and liver diseases", "endocrine function in liver diseases", and "female hormones in liver diseases". Relevant papers published before September 30, 2019 were included.
The present review confirms the imperative role of estrogen in various forms of chronic liver diseases. Estrogens play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and make the liver less susceptible to several forms of chronic liver diseases in healthy premenopausal individuals. In contrast, clinical studies also showed increased estrogen levels with chronic liver diseases.
Several studies reported the protective role of estrogens in chronic liver diseases and this has been widely accepted and confirmed in experimental studies using ovariectomized rat models. However, in a few clinical studies, increased estrogen levels are also implicated in chronic liver diseases. Therefore, further studies are warranted at molecular level to explore the role of estrogen in various forms of chronic liver diseases.
雌激素调节性功能，在各种病理生理过程中也具有重要作用。雌激素作为免疫系统、生长、神经元功能和代谢的调节剂具有非生殖作用。雌激素受体在肝脏中表达，其表达和功能受损与肥胖和与肝脏相关的代谢功能障碍有关。本综述的目的是讨论雌激素对几种形式的肝脏疾病的差异作用。
使用关键词“雌激素和肝脏疾病”、“雌二醇和肝脏疾病”、“激素和肝脏疾病”、“肝脏疾病中的内分泌功能”和“肝脏疾病中的女性激素”在 PubMed 和 EMBASE 上进行了全面检索。纳入了 2019 年 9 月 30 日之前发表的相关论文。
本综述证实了雌激素在各种形式的慢性肝脏疾病中的重要作用。雌激素在维持内稳态方面发挥着关键作用，使健康绝经前个体的肝脏不易受到几种形式的慢性肝脏疾病的影响。相比之下，临床研究也表明慢性肝脏疾病患者的雌激素水平升高。
几项研究报告了雌激素在慢性肝脏疾病中的保护作用，这在使用去卵巢大鼠模型的实验研究中得到了广泛的接受和证实。然而，在少数临床研究中，慢性肝脏疾病也与雌激素水平升高有关。因此，需要在分子水平上进一步研究雌激素在各种形式的慢性肝脏疾病中的作用。
