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特邀讨论:巨垂乳房的皮肤缩乳术与胸肌前置乳房重建。

Invited Discussion on: Skin Reducing Mastectomy and Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction in Large Ptotic Breasts.

机构信息

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Mariz e Barros, 775, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

出版信息

Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2020 Jun;44(3):673-676. doi: 10.1007/s00266-020-01709-y. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

DOI:10.1007/s00266-020-01709-y
PMID:32300878
Abstract

The applicability of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for breast reconstruction is a consolidated reality, as skin and nipple sparing techniques became standard mastectomy approaches. ADM is a soft connective tissue graft generated via a decellularization process that preserves intact the extracellular skin matrix. ADM not only provides tissue reinforcement, but also better pocket control, and shape without the compressive effects of total sub-muscular coverage. Our preference is using one "Strattice®" ADM in pocket's format to cover the implant's inferior pole, protecting the totality of the implant in its inferior pole by the ADM. This technique besides its versatility is cheaper than other techniques presented. The success of ADM prepectoral breast reconstruction depends on three pillars: careful patient selection, flap perfusion and postoperative management. The challenge in large and/or ptotic breasts under the risk of large badly perfused flaps as well as of nipple, due to the nipple-furcules distance which can be handled with well-selected criteria as mentioned and safe management of nipple ascension as well as the nipple graft. Traditionally, they need to be associated with reducing mammoplasty techniques to achieve the expected aesthetic results in a single stage. Therefore, the plastic surgeon must be prepared for new reconstructive approaches postmastectomy, having the ADM as an excellent option for that.

摘要

脱细胞真皮基质 (ADM) 在乳房重建中的应用已成为现实,因为保留皮肤和乳头的技术已成为标准的乳房切除术方法。ADM 是一种通过脱细胞过程生成的柔软结缔组织移植物,完整保留了细胞外皮肤基质。ADM 不仅提供组织增强,还能更好地控制口袋和形状,且不会产生全肌下覆盖的压迫效果。我们倾向于使用一种“Strattice®”ADM 来覆盖植入物的下极,通过 ADM 保护植入物下极的全部。这种技术除了具有多功能性外,还比其他技术更便宜。ADM 胸肌前置乳房重建的成功取决于三个支柱:仔细选择患者、皮瓣灌注和术后管理。在大乳房和/或下垂乳房中存在风险,因为皮瓣灌注不良,以及由于乳头乳晕复合体距离较大,需要选择合适的标准来处理,可以通过安全的乳头提升和乳头移植物来管理。传统上,它们需要与减少乳房成形术技术相结合,以在单阶段实现预期的美学效果。因此,整形外科医生必须为乳房切除术后的新重建方法做好准备,ADM 是一个很好的选择。

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本文引用的文献

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Single stage, direct to implant pre-pectoral breast reconstruction.单阶段直接植入胸大肌前乳房重建术。
Gland Surg. 2019 Feb;8(1):53-60. doi: 10.21037/gs.2018.10.08.
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Prepectoral Wise-Pattern Staged Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction for Obese or Ptotic Patients.针对肥胖或乳房下垂患者的胸大肌前明智模式分期植入式乳房重建术。
Ann Plast Surg. 2019 Jun;82(6S Suppl 5):S404-S409. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000001791.
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What happens to an acellular dermal matrix after implantation in the human body? A histological and electron microscopic study.
脱细胞真皮基质植入人体后会发生什么?一项组织学和电子显微镜研究。
Eur J Histochem. 2018 Jan 22;62(1):2873. doi: 10.4081/ejh.2018.2873.
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Breast J. 2017 Nov;23(6):670-676. doi: 10.1111/tbj.12810. Epub 2017 May 8.
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DermACELL: a novel and biocompatible acellular dermal matrix in tissue expander and implant-based breast reconstruction.DermACELL:一种用于组织扩张器和植入物乳房重建的新型生物相容性脱细胞真皮基质。
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Intraoperative laser angiography using the SPY system: review of the literature and recommendations for use.使用SPY系统的术中激光血管造影:文献综述及使用建议
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Intraoperative perfusion mapping with laser-assisted indocyanine green imaging can predict and prevent complications in immediate breast reconstruction.术中激光辅助吲哚菁绿成像灌注图谱可预测和预防即刻乳房重建并发症。
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