Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1244:51-68. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-41008-7_3.
While melanoma is less common than some other skin cancers, it is responsible for nearly 10,000 deaths in the USA each year alone. For many decades, very limited treatment options were available for patients with metastatic melanoma. However, recent breakthroughs have brought new hopes for patients and providers. While targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors represents an important cornerstone in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, this chapter carefully reviews the past and current therapy options available, with a significant focus on immunotherapy-based approaches. In addition, we provide an overview of the results of recent advances in the adjuvant setting for patients with resected stage III and stage IV melanoma, as well as in patients with melanoma brain metastases. Finally, we provide a quick overview over the current research efforts in the field of immuno-oncology and melanoma.
虽然黑色素瘤比其他一些皮肤癌少见，但仅在美国，每年就有近 10000 人因此死亡。几十年来，转移性黑色素瘤患者的治疗选择非常有限。然而，最近的突破为患者和医务人员带来了新的希望。尽管 BRAF 和 MEK 抑制剂的靶向治疗是转移性黑色素瘤治疗的重要基石，但本章仔细回顾了过去和当前可用的治疗选择，重点关注基于免疫疗法的方法。此外，我们还概述了最近在 III 期和 IV 期黑色素瘤可切除患者的辅助治疗以及黑色素瘤脑转移患者中的进展结果。最后，我们快速概述了免疫肿瘤学和黑色素瘤领域的当前研究进展。
