Liu Anmin, Yang Yanan, Ren Xuefeng, Zhao Qidong, Gao Mengfan, Guan Weixin, Meng Fanning, Gao Liguo, Yang Qiyue, Liang Xingyou, Ma Tingli
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, P.R. China.
School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, P.R. China.
ChemSusChem. 2020 Aug 7;13(15):3766-3788. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202000487. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
Ammonia, one of the most important chemicals and carbon-free energy carriers, is mainly produced by the traditional Haber-Bosch process operated at high pressure and temperature, which results in massive energy consumption and CO emissions. Alternatively, the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction to synthesize NH under ambient conditions using renewable energy has recently attracted significant attention. However, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) significantly reduces the faradaic efficiency and NH production rate. The design of high-performance electrocatalysts with the suppression of the HER for N reduction to NH under ambient conditions is a crucial consideration for the development of electrocatalytic NH synthesis with high FE and NH production rate. Five kinds of recently developed electrocatalysts classified by their chemical compositions are summarized, with particular emphasis on the relationship between their optimal electrocatalytic conditions and NH production performance. Conclusions and perspectives are provided for the future design of high-performance electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic NH production. The Review can give practical guidance for the design of effective electrocatalysts with high FE and NH production rates.
氨是最重要的化学品和无碳能源载体之一，主要通过在高压和高温下运行的传统哈伯-博施法生产，这导致大量能源消耗和碳排放。另外，利用可再生能源在环境条件下通过电催化氮还原反应合成氨最近引起了广泛关注。然而，竞争性析氢反应（HER）显著降低了法拉第效率和氨的产率。在环境条件下设计能够抑制HER以将氮还原为氨的高性能电催化剂，是开发具有高法拉第效率和氨产率的电催化氨合成技术的关键考量因素。总结了最近开发的按化学成分分类的五种电催化剂，特别强调了它们的最佳电催化条件与氨生产性能之间的关系。为未来电催化氨生产的高性能电催化剂设计提供了结论和展望。这篇综述可为设计具有高法拉第效率和氨产率的有效电催化剂提供实际指导。
