Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Semin Nephrol. 2020 Mar;40(2):138-147. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2020.01.005.
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are part of the epigenetic machinery that regulates transcriptional processes. The current paradigm is that HDACs silence gene expression via regulation of histone protein lysine deacetylation, or by forming corepressor complexes with transcription factors. However, HDACs are more than just nuclear proteins, and they can interact and deacetylate a growing number of nonhistone proteins to regulate cellular function. Cancer-field studies have shown that deranged HDAC activity results in uncontrolled proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis; all pathologies that also may occur in kidney disease. Over the past decade, studies have emerged suggesting that HDAC inhibitors may prevent and potentially treat various models of acute kidney injury. This review focuses on the physiology of kidney HDACs and highlights the recent advances using HDAC inhibitors to potentially treat kidney disease patients.
组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDACs）是调控转录过程的表观遗传学机制的一部分。目前的观点是，HDACs 通过调节组蛋白蛋白赖氨酸去乙酰化或与转录因子形成共抑制复合物来沉默基因表达。然而，HDACs 不仅仅是核蛋白，它们还可以相互作用并去乙酰化越来越多的非组蛋白蛋白，以调节细胞功能。癌症领域的研究表明，HDAC 活性紊乱会导致不受控制的增殖、炎症和纤维化；所有这些病理也可能发生在肾脏疾病中。在过去的十年中，出现了一些研究表明，HDAC 抑制剂可能预防和潜在治疗各种急性肾损伤模型。本综述重点介绍了肾脏 HDACs 的生理学，并强调了使用 HDAC 抑制剂治疗肾脏疾病患者的最新进展。
