Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Semin Nephrol. 2020 Mar;40(2):216-231. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2020.01.012.
Renal epithelial cells show remarkable regenerative capacity to recover from acute injury, which involves specific phenotypic changes, but also significant profibrotic tubule-interstitial crosstalk. Tubule-derived profibrotic stimuli and subsequent myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition have been linked closely with decline of renal function and nephron loss. However, recent data have questioned the view of purely detrimental effects of myofibroblast activation in the injured kidney and even suggested its beneficial role for epithelial regeneration. This article reviews the current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of tubular cell turnover, new suggested pathways of proregenerative tubular-interstitial crosstalk, and relevant insights of proliferation-enhancing effects of myofibroblasts on epithelial cells in nonrenal tissues.
肾上皮细胞具有显著的再生能力，可以从急性损伤中恢复，这涉及到特定的表型变化，但也伴随着显著的成纤维性小管-间质相互作用。肾小管衍生的成纤维性刺激物以及随后的肌成纤维细胞激活和细胞外基质沉积与肾功能下降和肾单位丢失密切相关。然而，最近的数据对肌成纤维细胞激活在受损肾脏中仅具有有害作用的观点提出了质疑，甚至表明其对上皮细胞再生具有有益作用。本文综述了目前对管状细胞更新的潜在机制的理解，新提出的促进再生的小管-间质相互作用途径，以及肌成纤维细胞对非肾脏组织上皮细胞的增殖增强作用的相关见解。
