Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorstraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorstraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2020 Jun;131(6):1332-1341. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.02.020. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
Neurofeedback has been proposed as an effective alternative for pharmacological treatment in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with potentially long-term and delayed benefits. However, the specificity of such long-term behavioral improvements remains inconclusive and therefore additional research into the neurophysiological effects of neurofeedback is needed. We compared long-term effects of theta/beta neurofeedback (NFB) to methylphenidate (MPH) and physical activity (PA, semi-active control intervention) on electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectra. Based on the vigilance stabilization model, we hypothesized further reductions in theta and alpha power in the NFB compared to the control groups.
EEG power spectra (theta, alpha and beta) during resting and task conditions were recorded at pre-, post-intervention and 6-months follow-up in 67 children, aged 7-13 (NFB: n = 24, MPH: n = 23, or PA: n = 20).
Analyses revealed no power spectra differences at follow-up between MPH and NFB (range p = .165-.905) and PA and NFB (range p = .172-.822).
No evidence was found for the specificity of theta/beta NFB at follow-up.
This was the first study into long-term neurophysiological effects of theta/beta NFB. Future studies are encouraged to explore both specific and non-specific mechanisms of NFB.
Train Your Brain? Exercise and neurofeedback intervention for ADHD, https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01363544, Ref. No. NCT01363544.
神经反馈已被提议作为治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的药物治疗的有效替代方法，具有潜在的长期和延迟益处。然而，这种长期行为改善的特异性仍然不确定，因此需要对神经反馈的神经生理效应进行额外的研究。我们比较了theta/beta 神经反馈（NFB）、哌醋甲酯（MPH）和身体活动（PA，半主动对照干预）对脑电图（EEG）频谱的长期影响。基于警戒稳定模型，我们假设与对照组相比，NFB 组的 theta 和 alpha 功率进一步降低。
在 67 名 7-13 岁的儿童中，在干预前、干预后和 6 个月随访时记录了静息和任务状态下的 EEG 频谱（theta、alpha 和 beta）（NFB：n=24，MPH：n=23，或 PA：n=20）。
分析显示，在随访时，MPH 和 NFB 之间（范围 p=0.165-0.905）以及 PA 和 NFB 之间（范围 p=0.172-0.822）没有频谱差异。
没有证据表明 theta/beta NFB 在随访时有特异性。
这是第一项关于 theta/beta NFB 长期神经生理效应的研究。鼓励未来的研究探索 NFB 的特异性和非特异性机制。
“训练你的大脑？ADHD 的锻炼和神经反馈干预”，https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01363544，参考号 NCT01363544。
