Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, km 110, SP-264, CEP 18052-780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, km 110, SP-264, CEP 18052-780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2020 Jul;233:108768. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108768. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
This study investigated the activity of lactated dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) enzymes and the levels of glucose, protein and triglyceride in bullfrog tadpoles after exposure to 1 μg L of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) isolated and combined for 2 and 16 days. Zn, Cu + Cd and Zn + Cu + Cd increased the activity of the LDH (2 and 16 days) and MDH (2 days) enzymes in the liver; and MDH increased in the kidney after 16 days in all co-exposed groups compared to the control. Glucose increased in the liver in the Zn and Cu groups at 2 and 16 days of exposure and decreased in the kidney (groups Cd, Zn + Cd and Cu + Cd) and muscle (Cd) at 2 days of exposure. After 2 days of exposure, the protein increased in the liver (Zn), in the kidney in all groups exposed to metals except in the groups exposed to Cd and Zn + Cu + Cd, which did not change and decreased in muscle in all the groups exposed to isolated metals. Regarding triglycerides, the kidney and muscle were the most affected, leading to a decrease in the Zn, Cu and Cd groups and in the Zn + Cu (16 days) and Zn + Cu + Cd groups (2 days). The anaerobiosis and aerobiosis were activated in the liver and kidney after short-term exposure (2 days) and in the kidney, the aerobic metabolism was activated after chronic exposure (16 days). The metals caused toxicity and were higher in co-exposure to metals with a potential to cause metabolism damage in L. catesbeianus.
本研究调查了锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）和镉（Cd）单一及联合暴露 1μg/L 2 和 16 天后牛蛙蝌蚪乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）酶活性以及葡萄糖、蛋白质和甘油三酯水平。Zn、Cu+Cd 和 Zn+Cu+Cd 增加了肝脏中 LDH（2 和 16 天）和 MDH（2 天）酶的活性；与对照组相比，所有共同暴露组的肾脏 MDH 在 16 天后增加。暴露 2 和 16 天后，Zn 和 Cu 组肝脏葡萄糖增加，而 Cd、Zn+Cd 和 Cu+Cd 组肾脏（2 天）和肌肉（Cd）葡萄糖减少。暴露 2 天后，Zn 组肝脏蛋白质增加，除了 Cd 和 Zn+Cu+Cd 组外，所有金属暴露组的肾脏蛋白质均增加，而 Cd 和 Zn+Cu+Cd 组没有变化，所有单一金属暴露组的肌肉蛋白质减少。至于甘油三酯，肾脏和肌肉受影响最大，导致 Zn、Cu 和 Cd 组以及 Zn+Cu（16 天）和 Zn+Cu+Cd（2 天）组下降。短期暴露（2 天）后，肝脏和肾脏的无氧和有氧代谢被激活，而慢性暴露（16 天）后，肾脏的有氧代谢被激活。这些金属会导致毒性，并且在金属共同暴露时毒性更高，这可能会对 L. catesbeianus 的代谢造成损害。
