College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(18):22364-22379. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08805-1. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
An objective understanding of the current situation and influencing factors of rural green development in China is an important prerequisite for effective formulation making of green development policies. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces of China from the year 1997 to 2017, this paper constructs and measures the rural green development efficiency (RGDE) based on Driving-Force, Pressure, State, Influence, Response (DPSIR) model and super-efficiency slacks-based measure (SBM) model. The results show that, the overall RGDE in China is fluctuating and rising from 1997 to 2017, and there are some differences between and within regions. The RGDE in developed areas is higher than that in developing areas, and coastal areas are higher than that in inland areas. The entire country, eastern, central, and western regions show σ convergence, which indicates that the RGDE is getting better, but there is no absolute β convergence, that means there is no "catch-up effect" between regions, but the gradient divergence showed central > eastern > western. At the same time, there is no conditional β convergence; the initial RGDE has a positive impact on the growth rate of RGDE, and the financial self-sufficiency rate promotes the growth of RGDE of the whole country and the western region, but inhibits the improvement of RGDE of the eastern region. The per capita GDP, mechanization degree, and agricultural industrial structure in rural areas did not promote the growth of RGDE. Based on the results, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as promoting the classified implementation of rural green development policies, strengthening the top-level design, optimizing the existing agricultural mechanism and system, and guiding and standardizing the farmers' green production behavior.
客观认识中国农村绿色发展的现状及影响因素，是有效制定绿色发展政策的重要前提。本文基于 1997-2017 年中国 31 个省的面板数据，基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应（DPSIR）模型和超效率松弛测度（SBM）模型，构建并测算了农村绿色发展效率（RGDE）。结果表明：1997-2017 年，中国农村绿色发展效率整体呈波动上升趋势，区域间和区域内存在差异；发达地区农村绿色发展效率高于发展中地区，沿海地区高于内陆地区；全国、东、中、西部地区均呈现 σ 收敛，说明农村绿色发展效率不断提高，但不存在绝对 β 收敛，即地区间不存在“追赶效应”，反而呈现出梯度发散，且中部>东部>西部；同时不存在条件 β 收敛；初始 RGDE 对 RGDE 增长率具有正向影响，农村金融自给率对全国及西部地区 RGDE 的增长具有促进作用，但抑制了东部地区 RGDE 的提高；人均 GDP、机械化程度、农村产业结构对 RGDE 的增长没有起到促进作用。基于研究结果，本文提出了一些政策建议，如分类实施农村绿色发展政策、加强顶层设计、优化现有农业机制和制度、引导和规范农民绿色生产行为等。
