醋酸格拉替雷的即时反应：过敏诊断与脱敏方案
Immediate reactions with glatiramer acetate: Diagnosis of allergy and desensitization protocols.
作者信息
Marco-Martín Guadalupe, Tornero Pilar, Prieto Alicia, La Rotta Alejandro, Herrero Teresa, Baeza Maria Luisa
机构信息
Allergy Department Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (GM-M, PT, AP, ALR, TH, MLB); Allergy Department (GM-M), Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, Madrid; Allergy Department (ALR), Policlínica Miramar, Palma de Mallorca; Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (U761 CIBERER) (MLB), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; and Institute for Health Research Gregorio Marañón (IIS-GM) (MLB), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Neurol Clin Pract. 2020 Apr;10(2):170-177. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000714.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Diverse adverse events have been associated with administration of glatiramer acetate (GA), mainly local reactions at the injection site. Other, less frequent generalized reactions include isolated postinjection reactions and anaphylaxis, which may lead to discontinuation of GA.
RECENT FINDINGS
Close collaboration between the allergy and neurology departments is needed to study adverse reactions to GA. The allergy study should include a detailed history and skin prick and intradermal tests with GA and, if possible, determination of specific IgE levels. Furthermore, the implication of other drugs should be ruled out.
SUMMARY
An accurate diagnosis of reactions to GA is essential if we are to confirm or rule out allergy to GA. When an allergy diagnosis is confirmed or firmly suspected based on clinical evidence, desensitization protocols are increasingly seen as safe methods for reintroduction of GA.
综述目的
多种不良事件与醋酸格拉替雷（GA）的给药相关，主要是注射部位的局部反应。其他较不常见的全身性反应包括孤立的注射后反应和过敏反应，这可能导致停用GA。
最新发现
过敏科和神经科之间需要密切合作以研究对GA的不良反应。过敏研究应包括详细的病史、用GA进行皮肤点刺和皮内试验，以及如果可能的话，测定特异性IgE水平。此外，应排除其他药物的影响。
总结
如果要确认或排除对GA的过敏，准确诊断对GA的反应至关重要。当根据临床证据确诊或强烈怀疑过敏诊断时，脱敏方案越来越被视为重新引入GA的安全方法。
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