Fathollahi Soraya, Saeedi Moghaddam Sahar, Mansournia Mohammad Ali, Rahimi Mahmoud, Zare Mehdi, Ardalan Ali, Sheidaei Ali, Peykari Niloofar, Naderimagham Shohreh, Farzadfar Farshad
Department of Emergencies and Disaster Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2020 Jan;49(1):114-124.
Constructions in informal settlements not respected any applying rules, regulations of urban planning, and building codes with high population density, are the municipality challenge. We aimed to identify level of buildings seismic vulnerability and population at risk in Tehran's Farahzad informal settlement in 2017.
In this observational cross-sectional study, residential buildings were assessed for seismic performance of constructions. We screened 160 buildings according to Iranian national guidelines by Rapid Seismic Visual Screening Method as a tool to calculate and determine Level of Retrofitting (L) scores of buildings. We also interviewed residents of the buildings to collect data regarding socio-demographic data, individual disability status, Disaster Assessment of Readiness and Training (DART) regarding household disaster preparedness, and time occupancy in the buildings.
Overall, 160 buildings with 209 households and 957 individuals were surveyed. 97.5% of buildings were formed of heavy construction materials. None of them were categorized as engineered buildings and L of residential buildings ranged from 82.4% to 163.8% with a mean 117.9%. L scores of more than 100% were capped as 100%. Vulnerable groups of the sample population include under-five years old (8.7%), 60 yr old and above (6.7%), and 9.1% of households had at least one disabled member. 16.7% of households were living in homes with dense area. The DART score for 94.3% of surveyed households was zero.
Disaster managers in Tehran municipality must design and implement a comprehensive risk reduction plan in poor urban areas as vulnerable regions for earthquake hazard.
非正规住区的建筑不遵守任何适用的城市规划规则、法规和建筑规范，且人口密度高，这是市政当局面临的挑战。我们旨在确定2017年德黑兰法拉赫扎德非正规住区建筑物的地震脆弱性水平和受影响人群。
在这项观察性横断面研究中，对住宅建筑的抗震性能进行了评估。我们根据伊朗国家指南，采用快速地震目视筛查方法作为工具，对160栋建筑进行了筛查，以计算和确定建筑物的加固水平（L）得分。我们还采访了这些建筑的居民，以收集有关社会人口数据、个人残疾状况、家庭灾害准备的灾害评估与培训（DART）以及在建筑物中的居住时间的数据。
总体而言，共调查了160栋建筑，涉及209户家庭和957人。97.5%的建筑由重型建筑材料构成。这些建筑均未被归类为设计建筑，住宅建筑的L值在82.4%至163.8%之间，平均为117.9%。L得分超过100%的上限设定为100%。样本人群中的弱势群体包括5岁以下儿童（8.7%）、60岁及以上老人（6.7%），9.1%的家庭至少有一名残疾成员。16.7%的家庭居住在人口密集的房屋中。94.3%的受访家庭的DART得分为零。
德黑兰市的灾害管理人员必须在城市贫困地区设计并实施一项全面的风险降低计划，因为这些地区是地震灾害的脆弱区域。
