Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
Bioessays. 2020 Jun;42(6):e2000006. doi: 10.1002/bies.202000006. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
An abundance of information about lung development in animal models exists; however, comparatively little is known about lung development in humans. Recent advances using primary human lung tissue combined with the use of human in vitro model systems, such as human pluripotent stem cell-derived tissue, have led to a growing understanding of the mechanisms governing human lung development. They have illuminated key differences between animal models and humans, underscoring the need for continued advancements in modeling human lung development and utilizing human tissue. This review discusses the use of human tissue and the use of human in vitro model systems that have been leveraged to better understand key regulators of human lung development and that have identified uniquely human features of development. This review also examines the implementation and challenges of human model systems and discusses how they can be applied to address knowledge gaps.
有关动物模型中肺发育的信息非常丰富，但关于人类肺发育的知识相对较少。最近，使用原代人肺组织并结合人体外模型系统（如人多能干细胞衍生的组织）的进展，使得人们对控制人类肺发育的机制有了更深入的了解。这些进展揭示了动物模型与人类之间的关键差异，强调了继续推进人类肺发育建模和利用人类组织的必要性。本综述讨论了使用人组织和人体外模型系统的情况，这些系统有助于更好地理解人类肺发育的关键调节因子，并确定了人类发育的独特特征。本综述还研究了人模型系统的实施和挑战，并讨论了如何将其应用于解决知识空白。
