Fedina Lisa, Perdue Tasha, Bright Charlotte Lyn, Williamson Celia
1School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 S. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
2School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2018 Sep 17;12(2):221-231. doi: 10.1007/s40653-018-0229-5. eCollection 2019 Jun.
Running away from home is a known risk factor for commercial sexual exploitation among youth; however, research has not fully investigated the process by which multiple factors at individual, familial, and extra-familial levels increase youths' risk for runaway behavior. This study applies an ecological risk factor framework to assess risk for runaway behavior among individuals exposed to commercial sexual exploitation and examines mediating relationships between salient risk factors (i.e. substance abuse, insufficient basic needs, having a much older boyfriend/girlfriend) and runaway behavior. A cross-sectional, retrospective survey was administered to individuals involved in the commercial sex industry using Respondent Driven Sampling methods ( = 273). Bivariate results suggested associations between runaway behavior and childhood emotional and physical abuse, having friends who sold sex, having a much older boyfriend/girlfriend, dropping out of school, being worried about where to eat/sleep, homelessness, and frequent alcohol and drug use prior to entering the commercial sex industry. Hierarchical logistic regression revealed that individuals with runaway behavior histories were more likely to have frequently used alcohol and/or drugs and to have insufficient basic needs compared to those did not run away; however, these factors were no longer significant after accounting for having a much older boyfriend/girlfriend. Having an older boyfriend/girlfriend fully mediated the relationship between frequent alcohol and/or drug use and runaway behavior. Findings support the need for community and school-based prevention programs that target these risk factors with a specific focus on healthy dating relationships, which may reduce risk for runaway behavior and subsequent commercial sexual exploitation.
离家出走是青少年遭受商业性剥削的一个已知风险因素；然而，研究尚未充分调查个体、家庭和家庭外层面的多种因素增加青少年离家出走行为风险的过程。本研究应用生态风险因素框架来评估遭受商业性剥削的个体的离家出走行为风险，并检验显著风险因素（即药物滥用、基本需求不足、有年龄大得多的男朋友/女朋友）与离家出走行为之间的中介关系。使用应答驱动抽样方法对参与商业性行业的个体进行了横断面回顾性调查（n = 273）。双变量结果表明，离家出走行为与童年期情感和身体虐待、有从事性交易的朋友、有年龄大得多的男朋友/女朋友、辍学、担心吃饭/睡觉的地方、无家可归以及进入商业性行业之前频繁饮酒和吸毒之间存在关联。分层逻辑回归显示，与未离家出走的个体相比，有离家出走行为史的个体更有可能频繁使用酒精和/或药物，且基本需求不足；然而，在考虑有年龄大得多的男朋友/女朋友这一因素后，这些因素不再显著。有年龄大得多的男朋友/女朋友完全中介了频繁使用酒精和/或药物与离家出走行为之间的关系。研究结果支持需要开展以社区和学校为基础的预防项目，针对这些风险因素，特别关注健康的恋爱关系，这可能会降低离家出走行为及随后遭受商业性剥削的风险。
