Ahsan Iram, Menon Ipseeta, Gupta Ritu, Sharma Anubhav, Das Dipshikha, Ashraf Asifa
Department of Public Health Dentistry, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Delhi- Meerut Road, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Feb 28;9(2):1143-1148. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_938_19. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Tobacco dependence is a major public health problem that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Approximately, 5 million people are killed annually by tobacco use.
To assess the oral health status among adult tobacco and non-tobacco users attending outreach activities in Ghaziabad District, Uttar Pradesh.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 subjects from all the 4 blocks of Ghaziabad district visiting the outreach activities. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess the demographic variables and oral hygiene practices. Oral health status was assessed using WHO (World Health Organization) 2013 Oral Health Assessment Form and the Smith and Knight Tooth wear index was used to assess the degree of tooth wear. Statistical analysis was done by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.
The mean age of the tobacco users in the study was 40.94 (13.83) years. The prevalence of dental caries and tooth wear was 88.0% and 89.2%, respectively. Majority of tobacco users consumed a smokeless form of tobacco 67.5%, followed by smoke 21.5% and followed by both form 11.0%.
The present study concluded that adult population of Ghaziabad lack the knowledge and awareness regarding consumption of areca nut, gutka, and tobacco smoking. Hence, there is an urgent need to take effective steps, especially on launching community awareness programs for the adult population and public to educate them about the consequences of tobacco use, and on assessing their effectiveness in curbing the problem.
烟草依赖是一个重大的公共卫生问题，会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。每年约有500万人死于烟草使用。
评估北方邦加济阿巴德区参加外展活动的成年烟草使用者和非烟草使用者的口腔健康状况。
对加济阿巴德区4个街区参加外展活动的800名受试者进行了横断面研究。使用预先测试的问卷评估人口统计学变量和口腔卫生习惯。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）2013年口腔健康评估表评估口腔健康状况，并使用史密斯和奈特牙齿磨损指数评估牙齿磨损程度。采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）20.0版进行统计分析。
研究中烟草使用者的平均年龄为40.94（13.83）岁。龋齿和牙齿磨损的患病率分别为88.0%和89.2%。大多数烟草使用者使用无烟形式的烟草（67.5%），其次是吸烟（21.5%），两者都使用的占11.0%。
本研究得出结论，加济阿巴德的成年人口缺乏关于槟榔、古特卡和吸烟的知识和意识。因此，迫切需要采取有效措施，特别是开展针对成年人口和公众的社区宣传项目，教育他们了解烟草使用的后果，并评估这些措施在遏制该问题方面的有效性。
