Miller D R, Crowe C M
Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA.
Environ Entomol. 2020 Jun 13;49(3):593-600. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvaa042.
In 2014-2019, we conducted six experiments in north-central Georgia in an attempt to verify the aggregation pheromone response of the ambrosia beetle Gnathotrichus materiarius (Fitch) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Scolytini: Corthylina) to sulcatol known to be produced by male G. materiarius; we failed to catch any G. materiarius. However, we did find that another corthyline ambrosia beetle species Monarthrum mali (Fitch) was attracted to (R)-(-)-sulcatol, whereas the longhorn beetle Leptostylus asperatus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) was attracted to (S)-(+)-sulcatol. Attraction of both species was unaffected by the respective antipodes. Ethanol enhanced attraction of both species to traps baited with sulcatol. In at least one experiment, attraction to ethanol-baited traps was enhanced by sulcatol for Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky), Xyleborus spp., and Hypothenemus spp. but reduced for Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Additionally, traps baited with ethanol and racemic sulcatol [50% (S)-(+): 50% (R)-(-)] caught the greatest numbers of four species of beetle predators: Coptodera aerata Dejean (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Colydium lineola Say (Coleoptera: Zopheridae), Madoniella dislocata (Say), and Pyticeroides laticornis (Say) (Coleoptera: Cleridae). Ethanol but not sulcatol attracted Temnoscheila virescens (F.) (Coleoptera: Trogossitidae). Information on interspecific relationships within forested communities may help us to better determine the roles of these species in maintaining stable and resilient forested ecosystems.
2014年至2019年期间，我们在佐治亚州中北部进行了六项实验，试图验证食菌小蠹Gnathotrichus materiarius（费奇）（鞘翅目：象甲科：小蠹亚科：小蠹族：Corthylina）对已知由雄性G. materiarius产生的苏合香醇的聚集信息素反应；但我们未能捕获到任何G. materiarius。然而，我们确实发现另一种Corthylina食菌小蠹物种Monarthrum mali（费奇）被（R）-（-）-苏合香醇所吸引，而长角甲虫Leptostylus asperatus（哈德曼）（鞘翅目：天牛科：沟胫天牛亚科）被（S）-（+）-苏合香醇所吸引。两种物种的吸引力均不受各自对映体的影响。乙醇增强了两种物种对用苏合香醇诱饵诱捕器的吸引力。在至少一项实验中，苏合香醇增强了粗尾材小蠹Xylosandrus crassiusculus（莫氏）、材小蠹属Xyleborus spp.和小菌虫属Hypothenemus spp.对乙醇诱饵诱捕器的吸引力，但降低了截尾材小蠹Cnestus mutilatus（布兰德福德）（鞘翅目：象甲科：小蠹亚科）对其的吸引力。此外，用乙醇和外消旋苏合香醇[50%（S）-（+）：50%（R）-（-）]诱饵的诱捕器捕获了最多数量的四种甲虫捕食者：铜绿隐翅虫Coptodera aerata（德让）（鞘翅目：步甲科）、细纹瘤胸叩甲Colydium lineola（赛伊）（鞘翅目：长朽木甲科）、Madoniella dislocata（赛伊）和宽角拟扁谷盗Pyticeroides laticornis（赛伊）（鞘翅目：扁谷盗科）。乙醇而非苏合香醇吸引了绿胸筒蠹Temnoscheila virescens（法布尔）（鞘翅目：筒蠹科）。关于森林群落中种间关系的信息可能有助于我们更好地确定这些物种在维持稳定和有恢复力的森林生态系统中的作用。
