Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Neurology and Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Headache. 2020 Jun;60(6):1066-1075. doi: 10.1111/head.13812. Epub 2020 Apr 22.
To systematically identify risk factors for the development of post-traumatic headache (PTH) attributed to traumatic brain injury (TBI) as defined in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD).
PTH is a common sequela of TBI and a leading cause of injury-related disability worldwide. However, little is known about risk factors for the development of PTH attributed to TBI.
We searched PubMed and Embase for literature on risk factors for the development of acute and/or persistent PTH attributed to TBI in accordance with any version of the ICHD. Original studies published in English and of prospective, cross-sectional or retrospective design were considered for the review. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 investigators.
Of 1993 potentially relevant articles identified, 3 articles met the inclusion criteria. The following risk factors were assessed for the development of acute PTH: age, sex, type of injury, loss of consciousness, previous TBIs, history of primary headache disorders, history of chronic pain condition other than headache, current treatment for depression/anxiety, attention or learning disorders, body mass index, and other diseases (not further specified). None of the included studies assessed risk factors for the development of persistent PTH.
We found that there is little evidence for any risk factors involved in the development of acute PTH, whereas no study had assessed risk factors for the development of persistent PTH. Further studies are warranted and should be powered to examine possible risk factors for the development of PTH. Rigorous methodology and standardized monitoring should be prioritized to support high-quality research and validate potential findings.
系统识别创伤性脑损伤（TBI）所致创伤后头痛（PTH）的危险因素，该定义符合国际头痛疾病分类（ICHD）。
PTH 是 TBI 的常见后遗症，也是全球导致损伤相关残疾的主要原因。然而，对于 TBI 所致 PTH 的发展危险因素知之甚少。
我们根据 ICHD 的任何版本，在 PubMed 和 Embase 上搜索关于 TBI 所致急性和/或持续性 PTH 发展危险因素的文献。纳入了原始研究，这些研究发表在英语期刊上，且为前瞻性、横断面或回顾性设计。由 2 名研究人员独立进行数据提取。
在 1993 篇潜在相关文章中，有 3 篇文章符合纳入标准。评估了以下危险因素与急性 PTH 的发展：年龄、性别、损伤类型、意识丧失、既往 TBI、原发性头痛障碍史、慢性疼痛以外的慢性疼痛状况史、当前抑郁/焦虑治疗、注意力或学习障碍、体重指数和其他疾病（未进一步说明）。没有纳入的研究评估了持续性 PTH 发展的危险因素。
我们发现，几乎没有证据表明任何危险因素与急性 PTH 的发展有关，而没有研究评估了持续性 PTH 发展的危险因素。需要进一步研究，并应进行有力的研究来检查 PTH 发展的可能危险因素。应优先考虑严格的方法和标准化监测，以支持高质量的研究并验证潜在的发现。
