Wang Hao, Li Menglu, Sun Cece, Wu Wentao, Ran Xiangbin, Zang Jiaye
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China.
Heliyon. 2020 Apr 17;6(4):e03610. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03610. eCollection 2020 Apr.
The environmental influence of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) on the Changjiang River has been widely studied since the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) began operation in 2003. However, the changes in water chemistry in the reservoir in response to damming effect variations are poorly documented in the area of this large reservoir. The results suggest that in comparison to the water chemistry before the TGR operation, the inflow concentrations of Mg, K, Na and Cl increased in the TGR, and the abundance of Ca and HCO decreased in the inflow in the period after the TGR filling as a result of climate change and human activities in the Changjiang River basin. The ionic composition in the TGR is primarily controlled by contributions from the upstream region of the Changjiang River but was modified by the interaction between water and rocks within the TGR. The concentrations of most major ions as well as the equivalent ratios of the major ions increased in the TGR after the operation of TGD. This change yielded a 6% increase in the major ion loading downstream of the TGD. The Three Gorges area strongly contributes to the increase in ion loading in the TGR due to enhanced water and rock interactions in comparison with the period before TGD operation.
自三峡大坝于2003年开始运行以来，三峡水库对长江的环境影响已得到广泛研究。然而，在这个大型水库区域，关于水库水化学因筑坝效应变化而产生的变化记录较少。结果表明，与三峡水库运行前的水化学情况相比，三峡水库中镁、钾、钠和氯的流入浓度增加，而在三峡水库蓄水后的时期，由于长江流域的气候变化和人类活动，流入水中钙和碳酸氢根的含量减少。三峡水库中的离子组成主要受长江上游地区的贡献控制，但受三峡水库内水与岩石相互作用的影响而发生改变。三峡大坝运行后，三峡水库中大多数主要离子的浓度以及主要离子的当量比均有所增加。这种变化使三峡大坝下游的主要离子负荷增加了6%。与三峡大坝运行前的时期相比，由于水与岩石相互作用增强，三峡地区对三峡水库离子负荷的增加贡献很大。
