Amiri Marzieh, Jarollahi Farnoush, Jalaie Shohreh, Sameni Seyyed Jalal
Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRN.
Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IRN.
Cureus. 2020 Mar 21;12(3):e7356. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7356.
Introduction Elderly listeners have reported concerns about speech perception in noisy environments. This partly occurs because of their increased informational masking (IM). This study aimed to develop a Persian coordinate response measure (CRM) corpus and a novel speech-in-noise test for measuring IM. Material and methods A cross-sectional validation study was conducted in two parts. Part one was the determination of the validity and reliability of the Persian CRM corpus. Part two consisted of measuring the IM at five signal-to-noise ratio (SNR; -6,-3, 0, +3, and +6) in two conditions: one with the target and masker speaker of the same sex and one with the target and masker speaker of different sexes. In each condition, the IM measurements were performed at a 45° separation angle of target and maskers and as a co-location of the speakers. A group of young listeners aged 20 to 40 years and a group of elderly listeners aged 60 to 75 years were recruited (50 study participants in part one and 47 in part two). The study was conducted from July 2018 to March 2019 at the Iran University Medical Sciences audiology clinic. Content validity ratio, content validity index, impact score, Spearman's test, and Mann-Whitney's test were used for statistical analysis. Results The Persian CRM corpus showed acceptable validity and reliability in each group (p < 0.001). The results suggested that in both azimuth locations and at SNRs of 0, -3, and -6, the IM amount in the elderly group was significantly higher (p < 0.003) than in the young group at conditions of target and masker speakers of opposite-sex. However, in cases where both target and masker speakers were of the same sex, a significant difference was observed at an SNR of 0 in angular separation and SNRs of +3 and 0 at co-located situations (p < 0.001). Conclusion A validated Persian CRM corpus has been collected for use in IM measurement studies. Overall, the IM of elderly listeners was higher than younger listeners in low-cue situations such as lower SNR. Therefore, a novel speech-in-noise test for measuring IM was validated to use in speech perception studies in the elderly population.
引言 老年听众表示担心在嘈杂环境中的言语感知能力。部分原因是他们的信息掩蔽（IM）增加。本研究旨在开发一个波斯语坐标反应测量（CRM）语料库和一种用于测量IM的新型噪声中言语测试。
材料与方法 进行了一项分为两部分的横断面验证研究。第一部分是确定波斯语CRM语料库的有效性和可靠性。第二部分包括在两种条件下测量五个信噪比（SNR；-6、-3、0、+3和+6）时的IM：一种是目标说话者和掩蔽说话者为同性，另一种是目标说话者和掩蔽说话者为异性。在每种条件下，IM测量在目标和掩蔽说话者成45°分离角以及说话者共置的情况下进行。招募了一组年龄在20至40岁的年轻听众和一组年龄在60至75岁的老年听众（第一部分有50名研究参与者，第二部分有47名）。该研究于2018年7月至2019年3月在伊朗医科大学听力学诊所进行。使用内容效度比、内容效度指数、影响得分、斯皮尔曼检验和曼-惠特尼检验进行统计分析。
结果 波斯语CRM语料库在每组中均显示出可接受的有效性和可靠性（p < 0.001）。结果表明，在方位位置以及信噪比为0、-3和-6时，在目标说话者和掩蔽说话者为异性的条件下，老年组的IM量显著高于年轻组（p < 0.003）。然而，在目标说话者和掩蔽说话者均为同性的情况下，在角度分离时信噪比为0以及在共置情况下信噪比为+3和0时观察到显著差异（p < 0.001）。
结论 已收集了一个经过验证的波斯语CRM语料库用于IM测量研究。总体而言，在低线索情况下，如较低的信噪比，老年听众的IM高于年轻听众。因此，一种用于测量IM的新型噪声中言语测试被验证可用于老年人群的言语感知研究。
