Ayka Asli, Şehirli Ahmet Özer
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020 May 31;18(2):174-187. doi: 10.9758/cpn.2020.18.2.174.
The solute carrier (SLC) superfamily is one of the major sub-groups of membrane proteins in mammalian cells. The solute carrier proteins include more than 400 different membrane-spanning solute carriers organized with 65 families in the human. In solute carrier family neurons, neurotransmitter is considered to be a pharmacological target of neuropsychiatric drugs because of their important role in the recovery of neurotransmitters such as GABA, glutamate, serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline and regulation of their concentration in synaptic regions. Therefore, solute carrier transporters play vital and different roles in neurodegenerative disorders. In this article, the role of solute carrier transporters in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington disease, Parkinson's diseases, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, dementia, schizophrenia, and Epilepsy reviewed and discussed to see how defects or absences in SLC transporter cause neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we try to summarize what is known about solute carriers with respect to brain distribution and expression. The review summarizes current knowledge on the roles of solute carrier transporters in neurodegenerative disorders.
溶质载体（SLC）超家族是哺乳动物细胞中膜蛋白的主要亚群之一。溶质载体蛋白包括400多种不同的跨膜溶质载体，在人类中分为65个家族。在溶质载体家族神经元中，神经递质被认为是神经精神药物的药理学靶点，因为它们在γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、谷氨酸、血清素、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素等神经递质的回收以及突触区域中其浓度的调节方面发挥着重要作用。因此，溶质载体转运蛋白在神经退行性疾病中起着至关重要且不同的作用。在本文中，我们回顾并讨论了溶质载体转运蛋白在阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、亨廷顿病、帕金森病、抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍、痴呆症、精神分裂症和癫痫等神经退行性疾病中的作用，以了解SLC转运蛋白的缺陷或缺失如何导致神经退行性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们试图总结关于溶质载体在脑部分布和表达方面的已知信息。该综述总结了目前关于溶质载体转运蛋白在神经退行性疾病中作用的知识。
