Corenblum Barry, Goernert Phillip N, Watier Nicholas N
Brandon University, Canada.
Brandon University, Canada.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2020 May;206:103077. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103077. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
An item-method directed forgetting task was used in three studies to present photographs of happy, neutral and sad faces to participants who had been induced to adopt a happy, neutral or sad mood. At test remember, forget or new judgments of old and new photographs of happy, neutral or sad faces were collected. According to the affect-as-cognitive-feedback hypothesis positively valenced stimuli serve as 'go signals' validating the use of currently accessible cognitions to process task demands whereas negatively valenced stimuli serve as 'stop signals' inhibiting or reversing the use of those cognitions. Since directed forgetting tasks entail the cognitions (among others) that some stimuli should be remembered and others should be forgotten, happy faces should facilitate task demands whereas sad faces should not. As predicted, directed forgetting effects were found for happy but not sad faces in Experiments 1 and 3, and directed forgetting effects were found neutral valenced faces in Experiment 2. Across all three studies mood state did not influence directed forgetting. Findings are discussed in terms of the effects of facial valence cues on directed forgetting and some directions for future research.
在三项研究中使用了一项项目法定向遗忘任务，向被诱导呈现出快乐、中性或悲伤情绪的参与者展示快乐、中性和悲伤面孔的照片。在测试时，收集对快乐、中性或悲伤面孔的新旧照片的记住、遗忘或新判断。根据情感作为认知反馈假说，正性价刺激作为“继续信号”，验证当前可获取的认知用于处理任务要求的有效性，而负性价刺激作为“停止信号”，抑制或反转这些认知的使用。由于定向遗忘任务需要（包括其他方面）一些刺激应该被记住而其他刺激应该被遗忘的认知，快乐面孔应该促进任务要求，而悲伤面孔则不应该。正如预测的那样，在实验1和3中发现了快乐面孔的定向遗忘效应，但悲伤面孔没有，在实验2中发现了中性价面孔的定向遗忘效应。在所有三项研究中，情绪状态都没有影响定向遗忘。从面部价线索对定向遗忘的影响以及未来研究的一些方向方面对研究结果进行了讨论。
