Wanlapakorn Nasamon, Puenpa Jiratchaya, Thongmee Thanunrat, Srimuan Donchida, Thatsanathorn Thaksaporn, Vongpunsawad Sompong, Poovorawan Yong
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Vaccine. 2020 May 19;38(24):4016-4023. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.013. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Thailand changed the schedule of childhood measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination in 2014, moving the second dose from the age of 6 years to 2.5 years. There are currently no data on antibody responses to the MMR vaccine since this recommendation.
We investigated antibody responses in a cohort of children who received two doses of MMR vaccine at the ages of 9 months and 2.5 years that was originally established to evaluate antibody levels to Bordetella pertussis antigens (ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT02408926). Infants were born to mothers who previously received tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine at 27-36 weeks of gestation. Anti-measles, -mumps, and -rubella virus IgG levels were measured at birth (cord blood) and the ages of 2 and 7 months (before the first MMR vaccination); 18 and 24 months (9 and 15 months, respectively, after the first dose); and 36 months (6 months after the second dose) using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
At 7 months of age, 96.2%, 99.6%, and 98.8% of infants had no protection against measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively. Levels of antibody against all three antigens increased significantly after the first but not the second dose. At 6 months after two-dose vaccination, 97.4%, 84.8%, and 78.7% of children remained seroprotected against measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively.
Maternally derived antibodies to measles, mumps, and rubella virus disappeared by the age of 7 months in Thai children. Two-dose MMR vaccination at 9 months and 2.5 years of age induced robust immune responses against these viruses.
泰国于2014年更改了儿童麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗的接种程序，将第二剂接种年龄从6岁调整至2.5岁。自该建议实施以来，目前尚无关于MMR疫苗抗体反应的数据。
我们在一组于9个月和2.5岁时接种两剂MMR疫苗的儿童队列中调查了抗体反应，该队列最初是为评估百日咳博德特氏菌抗原的抗体水平而设立的（ClinicalTrials.gov编号：NCT02408926）。婴儿的母亲在妊娠27至36周时曾接种破伤风-白喉-无细胞百日咳疫苗。使用市售酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒在出生时（脐带血）、2个月和7个月龄（首次接种MMR疫苗前）、18个月和24个月龄（分别在第一剂接种后9个月和15个月）以及36个月龄（第二剂接种后6个月）测量抗麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹病毒IgG水平。
在7个月龄时，分别有96.2%、99.6%和98.8%的婴儿对麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹没有免疫力。接种第一剂疫苗后，针对所有三种抗原的抗体水平均显著升高，但接种第二剂后未出现这种情况。在两剂疫苗接种后6个月，分别有97.4%、84.8%和78.7%的儿童对麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹保持血清学保护。
泰国儿童体内源自母体的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹病毒抗体在7个月龄时消失。9个月和2.5岁时接种两剂MMR疫苗可诱导针对这些病毒的强烈免疫反应。
