Ultrasound-guidance of peripheral venous catheterization in apheresis minimizes the need for central venous catheters.

INTRODUCTION

Central venous catheters (CVC) can facilitate a reliable blood flow for apheresis procedures, but the placement is time-consuming and costly and the incidence of catheter-related complications is high. Ultrasound can aid nurses to insert peripheral venous catheters (PVC), which is safer for the patients.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

We evaluated the use of CVC vs PVC for all apheresis procedures 3 years after the implementation of structured training of apheresis nurses to perform ultrasound-guided PVC. Ultrasound can visualize the needle tip and target vessel dynamically and guide peripheral venous catheterization with an increased success rate. Time consumption for PVC insertion was measured.

RESULTS

In 10 months, we performed 1294 apheresis procedures on 227 patients, where 97.4% were performed with PVC. Hundred percent of extracorporeal photophoresis (off-line ECP) and peripheral blood stem cell collections on adults were performed with PVC. Patients who were treated with CVC (n = 8) were either children, had poor peripheral blood flow due to dehydration or admitted to an intensive care unit and had CVC for other reasons. Time consumption for PVC placement with ultrasound was 11 minutes on average.

CONCLUSION

Training of apheresis nurses in ultrasound-guided peripheral venous catheterization can enable close to 100% of apheresis procedures to be performed by PVC.