General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 23;21(8):2986. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082986.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a global healthcare burden since it is epidemiologically related to obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). It embraces a wide spectrum of hepatic injuries, which include simple steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The susceptibility to develop NAFLD is highly variable and it is influenced by several cues including environmental (i.e., dietary habits and physical activity) and inherited (i.e., genetic/epigenetic) risk factors. Nonetheless, even intestinal microbiota and its by-products play a crucial role in NAFLD pathophysiology. The interaction of dietary exposure with the genome is referred to as which encompasses both and It is focused on revealing the biological mechanisms that entail both the acute and persistent genome-nutrient interactions that influence health and it may represent a promising field of study to improve both clinical and health nutrition practices. Thus, the premise of this review is to discuss the relevance of personalized nutritional advices as a novel therapeutic approach in NAFLD tailored management.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一种全球性的医疗保健负担，因为它与肥胖、2 型糖尿病（T2D）和代谢综合征（MetS）在流行病学上有关。它包含广泛的肝损伤，包括单纯性脂肪变性、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）、纤维化、肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）。发生 NAFLD 的易感性差异很大，受到多种因素的影响，包括环境因素（如饮食习惯和体力活动）和遗传因素（如遗传/表观遗传）。尽管如此，即使是肠道微生物群及其产物也在 NAFLD 发病机制中发挥着关键作用。饮食暴露与基因组的相互作用被称为“营养基因组学”，它既包括“基因组-营养”相互作用，也包括“环境-基因组”相互作用。它专注于揭示涉及急性和持续的基因组-营养相互作用的生物学机制，这些相互作用影响健康，可能是改善临床和健康营养实践的一个有前途的研究领域。因此，本文的前提是讨论个性化营养建议作为一种针对 NAFLD 量身定制的新型治疗方法的相关性。
