Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey.
Faculty of Economics Administrative and Social Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jul;27(20):25327-25339. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08909-8. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
The transition of most economies especially heavily industrialized nations like China, Turkey, Russia, India, Indonesia, Brazil, and Mexico fondly known as E7 are fast emerging economies with its impact on economic growth and ecosystem. On the above highlight, the present study explores the dynamic interaction between hydroelectricity energy, renewable energy consumption, nonrenewable energy consumption on economic growth over annual time frequency data from 1990 to 2018. To this end, Kao co-integration technique is adopted in conjunction with panel ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, and fully modified ordinary least square estimators over the identified blocs while the heterogeneous causality test of Dumitrescu and Hurlin is employed to detect the direction of causality among the variables. Empirical result shows long-run analysis reveals long-run equilibrium relationship between the examined variables. Furthermore, a one-way causality relationship is observed between economic growth and nonrenewable energy, economic growth and renewable energy, and economic growth and pollutant emission. The present study identifies a U-shaped pattern among nonrenewable energy consumption and economic growth in the long-run. These findings suggest that as economic growth increases, there is less strengthening of energy from the nonrenewable energy consumption hence, portentous deterioration in nonrenewable usage while authenticating the proficiency of nonrenewable energy consumption in the E7 countries. Further policy prescriptions are rendered in the concluding section.
大多数经济体，尤其是中国、土耳其、俄罗斯、印度、印度尼西亚、巴西和墨西哥等重工业国家，被称为 E7，它们都是快速崛起的经济体，对经济增长和生态系统都有影响。基于上述观点，本研究探讨了 1990 年至 2018 年期间，水电能源、可再生能源消费和不可再生能源消费与经济增长之间的动态关系。为此，在已确定的样本中，采用了 Kao 协整技术，并结合面板普通最小二乘法、动态普通最小二乘法和全修正普通最小二乘法估计器，同时使用 Dumitrescu 和 Hurlin 的异质因果检验来检测变量之间的因果关系方向。实证结果表明，长期分析揭示了被考察变量之间存在长期均衡关系。此外，经济增长与不可再生能源、经济增长与可再生能源以及经济增长与污染物排放之间存在单向因果关系。本研究在长期内发现了不可再生能源消费与经济增长之间存在 U 型关系。这些发现表明，随着经济增长的增加，不可再生能源消费对能源的支持作用减弱，因此不可再生能源的使用情况恶化，同时也证明了不可再生能源在 E7 国家的有效性。在结论部分提出了进一步的政策建议。
