Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Centerr (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal.
FP-ENAS Research Unit, UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, CEBIMED, Biomedical Research Centre, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2021 Feb;41(2):254-258. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1736014. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of () and () in Portuguese women of childbearing age. Cervicovaginal self-collected samples of 680 childbearing-age women (15-44 years) were tested for and by polymerase chain reaction. Sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural data were assessed through an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. and prevalence was 1.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7-2.5%) and 1.0% (95% CI 0.5-2.1%), respectively. The prevalence of was significantly higher in women aged >22 years ( = .003), with >6 years after sexual intercourse ( = .003), and who reported previous pregnancy ( = .004). Our study suggests that and are rare in Portuguese women of childbearing age. However, larger epidemiological studies with a nationally representative sample of female subjects are warranted, to clarify the need for screening of these microorganisms in Portuguese women, since its prevalence is probably underestimated.IMPACT STATEMENT Studies on the prevalence of and have been performed in several developed and developing countries. However, limited data is available in Portuguese women. The detection of and is necessary because, beside the risk of transmission to sex partners, these STIs may be associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition and transmission, and ultimately with reproductive, pregnancy and perinatal complications. Our study adds new findings to the body of knowledge on and prevalence in Portuguese women of reproductive age. As so, we found a low prevalence of both (1.3%) and (1.0%) in the studied population. Our results may be a step ahead to encourage future nationally representative studies evaluating the prevalence of and genital infection and, consequently, to clarify the need for screening of these microorganisms. In clinical practice, it should be highlighted the appropriate management of and infection in specific situations, such as pregnancy. Also, sexual partners must be treated to prevent the recurrences in the index cases and reduce transmission to other partners.
本研究旨在评估葡萄牙育龄妇女中（）和（）的流行情况。对 680 名育龄妇女（15-44 岁）的宫颈阴道自我采集样本进行聚合酶链反应检测，以确定（）和（）的存在。通过匿名自我管理问卷评估社会人口统计学、临床和行为数据。（）和（）的流行率分别为 1.3%（95%置信区间 0.7-2.5%）和 1.0%（95%置信区间 0.5-2.1%）。（）在年龄大于 22 岁的女性中（=0.003）、性接触后 >6 年的女性（=0.003）和报告有过妊娠的女性（=0.004）中显著更高。我们的研究表明，（）和（）在葡萄牙育龄妇女中很少见。然而，需要进行更大规模的、具有全国代表性的女性样本的流行病学研究，以明确在葡萄牙女性中筛查这些微生物的必要性，因为其流行率可能被低估。
关于（）和（）的流行情况已在一些发达国家和发展中国家进行了研究。然而，在葡萄牙女性中可用的数据有限。检测（）和（）是必要的，因为除了传播给性伴侣的风险外，这些性传播感染还可能与 HIV 感染和传播的风险增加有关，最终与生殖、妊娠和围产期并发症有关。我们的研究为葡萄牙育龄妇女（）和（）流行率的知识体系增添了新的发现。因此，我们发现研究人群中（）（1.3%）和（）（1.0%）的流行率都很低。我们的研究结果可能是鼓励未来进行全国代表性研究评估（）和（）生殖道感染流行率的一个进步，从而明确筛查这些微生物的必要性。在临床实践中，应强调在特定情况下（如妊娠）适当管理（）和（）感染。此外，必须治疗性伴侣，以防止在索引病例中复发，并减少向其他伴侣的传播。
