State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, China.
Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 29;10(1):7272. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64045-w.
Riparian plant diversity in arid regions is sensitive to changes in groundwater. Although it is well known that groundwater has a significant influence on plant diversity, there have been few studies on how groundwater and soil salinity impact plant community in desert riparian ecosystems. Therefore, we surveyed 77 quadrats (100 m × 100 m) to examine the relationship between groundwater depth, groundwater salinity, soil salinity and plant community in the upper reaches of the Tarim River. Data were analyzed with two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that Populus euphratica, Tamarix ramosissima, and Phragmites australis were the dominant plants among trees, shrubs and herbs, respectively. Five plant community types were classified. There were significant differences in species diversity, soil moisture, soil salinity, groundwater depth and groundwater salinity across the community types. The composition and distribution of plant community are significantly influenced by groundwater depth, groundwater salinity, soil moisture, distances from the river to the quadrats, soil pH, electrical conductivity, total salt, CO, Cl, SO, Ca, Mg, Na and K. Shallow groundwater depth, low groundwater salinity, and high soil moisture and soil salinity were associated with higher plant diversity.
干旱区河岸带植物多样性对地下水变化敏感。尽管众所周知地下水对植物多样性有重大影响，但关于地下水和土壤盐分如何影响沙漠河岸生态系统植物群落的研究甚少。因此，我们调查了塔里木河上游的 77 个样方（100 m×100 m），以研究地下水深度、地下水盐分、土壤盐分与植物群落之间的关系。使用双向指示种分析（TWINSPAN）、去趋势典范对应分析（DCCA）和主成分分析（PCA）对数据进行了分析。结果表明，胡杨、柽柳和芦苇分别是乔木、灌木和草本植物中的优势种。共划分了 5 种植物群落类型。不同群落类型间物种多样性、土壤水分、土壤盐分、地下水深度和地下水盐分存在显著差异。植物群落的组成和分布受地下水深度、地下水盐分、土壤水分、样方距河流的距离、土壤 pH 值、电导率、总盐、CO、Cl、SO、Ca、Mg、Na 和 K 显著影响。浅层地下水深度、低盐地下水和高土壤水分及土壤盐分与较高的植物多样性相关。
