Ding Jiannan, Huang Yejing, Liu Shujiao, Zhang Shanshan, Zou Hua, Wang Zhenyu, Zhu Wenbin, Geng Jinju
School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215009, China; Biomass Energy and Biological Carbon Reduction Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province, Wuxi, 214122, China.
School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Sep 5;396:122693. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122693. Epub 2020 Apr 18.
Nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) are a heterogeneous class of pollutants with diverse sizes in aquatic environments. To evaluate the hazardous effects of N/MPs with different sizes, the accumulation, oxidative stress, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, neurotoxicity, and metabolomics changes were investigated in the red tilapia exposed to three sizes of polystyrene (PS) N/MPs (0.3, 5, and 70 - 90 μm). After 14-d exposures, the largest particles (70 - 90 μm) showed the highest accumulation levels in most cases. Exposures to PS-MPs (5 and 70 - 90 μm) caused a more severe oxidative stress in red tilapia than PS-NPs. The activity of CYP3A-related enzyme was obviously inhibited by PS-NPs, whereas the CYP enzymes in the liver may not be sensitive to MP exposures. In the brain, only 5 μm PS-MPs significantly inhibited the acetylcholinesterase activity. After exposures, the treatments with 0.3, 5, and 70 - 90 μm N/MPs resulted in 31, 40, and 23 significantly differentially expressed metabolites, respectively, in which the pathway of tyrosine metabolism was significantly affected by all the three PS-N/MP exposures. Overall, the PS particles within the μm size posed more severe stress to red tilapia. Our results suggest that the toxicity of N/MPs may not show a simply monotonic negative correlation with their sizes.
纳米塑料（NPs）和微塑料（MPs）是一类在水生环境中大小各异的异质性污染物。为评估不同大小的纳米塑料和微塑料的危害效应，对暴露于三种尺寸聚苯乙烯（PS）纳米塑料和微塑料（0.3、5和70 - 90μm）的红罗非鱼的蓄积、氧化应激、细胞色素P450（CYP）酶、神经毒性和代谢组学变化进行了研究。暴露14天后，在大多数情况下，最大尺寸的颗粒（70 - 90μm）显示出最高的蓄积水平。与PS纳米塑料相比，暴露于PS微塑料（5和70 - 90μm）对红罗非鱼造成更严重的氧化应激。PS纳米塑料明显抑制CYP3A相关酶的活性，而肝脏中的CYP酶可能对微塑料暴露不敏感。在大脑中，只有5μm的PS微塑料显著抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。暴露后，用0.3、5和70 - 90μm纳米塑料和微塑料处理分别导致31、40和23种显著差异表达的代谢物，其中酪氨酸代谢途径受到所有三种PS纳米塑料和微塑料暴露的显著影响。总体而言，微米级尺寸的PS颗粒对红罗非鱼造成更严重的应激。我们的结果表明，纳米塑料和微塑料的毒性可能与其尺寸并非简单的单调负相关。
