Katzman P L, Henningsen N C, Hulthén U L
Department of Endocrinology, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
J Hum Hypertens. 1988 Oct;2(3):147-51.
The antihypertensive effect of amiloride was compared to that of the calcium antagonist nitrendipine in 12 patients (8 males), aged 34-62 years, with essential hypertension WHO grade I-II (mean supine blood pressure 158/103, standing 155/106 mmHg) in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study design. Amiloride was given 5 mg once daily for one month followed by 20 mg twice daily for another month. Amiloride 5 mg once daily significantly reduced supine and standing DBP but not SBP (supine 151/94, standing 149/97 mmHg), whereas 10 mg once daily decreased SBP as well as DBP (supine 145/98, standing 145/101 mmHg). Nitrendipine 20 mg once daily significantly reduced supine and standing SBP and standing DBP (supine 150/97, standing 148/98 mmHg), but on 20 mg twice daily only supine SBP was significantly reduced (supine 150/99, standing 151/106 mmHg). Heart rate was transiently increased by nitrendipine 20 mg once daily and unchanged following amiloride. Plasma noradrenaline was unaltered following amiloride 10 mg once daily as well as nitrendipine 20 mg twice daily, whereas plasma renin activity and aldosterone were elevated following amiloride. Serum electrolytes, blood glucose, plasma lipids and body weight were not altered by any of the drugs. Amiloride 5-10 mg daily has a mild to moderate BP lowering effect in patients with essential hypertension. The BP reduction following nitrendipine 20 mg once daily was comparable to that of amiloride 5 mg daily. Nitrendipine 20 mg twice daily gave no additional BP decrease.
在一项双盲安慰剂对照交叉研究设计中，对12例年龄在34至62岁之间、患有WHO I-II级原发性高血压（平均仰卧位血压158/103，站立位155/106 mmHg）的患者（8名男性），比较了阿米洛利与钙拮抗剂尼群地平的降压效果。阿米洛利每日一次给予5 mg，持续1个月，随后每日两次给予20 mg，持续1个月。阿米洛利每日一次5 mg可显著降低仰卧位和站立位舒张压，但不降低收缩压（仰卧位151/94，站立位149/97 mmHg），而每日一次10 mg可降低收缩压和舒张压（仰卧位145/98，站立位145/101 mmHg）。尼群地平每日一次20 mg可显著降低仰卧位和站立位收缩压以及站立位舒张压（仰卧位150/97，站立位148/98 mmHg），但每日两次20 mg仅显著降低仰卧位收缩压（仰卧位150/99，站立位151/106 mmHg）。尼群地平每日一次20 mg可使心率短暂增加，而阿米洛利给药后心率无变化。每日一次阿米洛利10 mg以及每日两次尼群地平20 mg后，血浆去甲肾上腺素未改变，而阿米洛利给药后血浆肾素活性和醛固酮升高。血清电解质、血糖、血脂和体重均未因任何一种药物而改变。每日5至10 mg的阿米洛利对原发性高血压患者有轻度至中度的降压作用。尼群地平每日一次20 mg后的血压降低与每日5 mg的阿米洛利相当。尼群地平每日两次20 mg并未进一步降低血压。
