Nutrition Department, Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Nutrition Department, Nutrition Department, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz, Brazil.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(7):1225-1239. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1756216. Epub 2020 May 2.
Dietary supplements, especially protein, are used by athletes to achieve the exercise and training daily demands, and have been receiving research focus on their role regarding recovery and performance. Protein supplements are preferred over traditional protein sources because of their ease of availability and use. In addition to consuming a complete protein supplement, such as whey protein, the ingestion of a supplement containing only amino acids has been of interest for promoting skeletal muscle anabolism and high-quality weight loss. The aim of this study was to review the existing evidence on the effects of protein and amino acid supplementation on exercise. The preponderance of evidence suggests that protein supplementation, especially milk proteins, potentiate muscle protein synthesis, lean mass and exercise recovery. Unlike proteins, amino acids supplementation (branched-chain amino acids, glutamine or leucine) results from research are equivocal and are not warranted.
膳食补充剂，尤其是蛋白质，被运动员用于满足日常运动和训练的需求，并且其在恢复和表现方面的作用一直是研究的重点。蛋白质补充剂因其易于获得和使用而优于传统的蛋白质来源。除了摄入完整的蛋白质补充剂，如乳清蛋白外，仅含有氨基酸的补充剂的摄入也引起了人们的兴趣，因为它可以促进骨骼肌合成代谢和高质量的体重减轻。本研究旨在综述关于蛋白质和氨基酸补充剂对运动影响的现有证据。大量证据表明，蛋白质补充剂，特别是乳清蛋白，可增强肌肉蛋白质合成、瘦体重和运动恢复。与蛋白质不同，氨基酸补充剂（支链氨基酸、谷氨酰胺或亮氨酸）的研究结果尚无定论，因此尚无法保证其效果。
