Department of Linguistics, University of Chicago.
Department of Linguistics, University of Michigan.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2020 Oct;46(10):1857-1867. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000851. Epub 2020 May 4.
In sentence comprehension, negative sentences tend to elicit more processing cost than affirmative sentences. A growing body of work has shown that pragmatic context is an important factor that contributes to negation comprehension cost. The nature of this pragmatic effect, however, is yet to be determined. In 4 behavioral experiments, the current study assesses 2 possible pragmatic accounts: the expectation-based and the informativity-based accounts. Our findings suggest that informativity, instead of contextual expectation, is more directly responsible for negation comprehension. Contextual expectation only modulates negation comprehension cost if it facilitates the appropriate type of question under discussion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
在句子理解中，否定句往往比肯定句需要更多的处理成本。越来越多的研究表明，语用语境是导致否定理解成本的一个重要因素。然而，这种语用效应的性质尚待确定。在 4 项行为实验中，本研究评估了 2 种可能的语用解释：基于预期的解释和基于信息性的解释。我们的研究结果表明，信息性而非语境预期更直接地影响否定理解。只有在语境预期有助于讨论合适类型的问题时，它才会调节否定理解的成本。
