直接面向消费者的广告暴露与超分割放射治疗前列腺癌的益处高估有关。
Exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising is associated with overestimation of benefits regarding ultrahypofractionated radiation therapy for prostate cancer.
机构信息
Department of Urology, NewYork-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 11th Floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Department of Radiation Oncology, NewYork-Presbyterian Lawrence Hospital, 55 Palmer Avenue, Bronxville, NY, 10708, USA.
出版信息
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2020 Dec;23(4):670-679. doi: 10.1038/s41391-020-0234-2. Epub 2020 May 4.
BACKGROUND
While direct-to-consumer (DTC) medical advertising can provide useful information, it also risks oversimplification and being misleading. For an abbreviated prostate cancer treatment regimen called "ultrahypofractionation" (UHF), advertising has been used for CyberKnife (CK), a common delivery system for stereotactic body radiation therapy. We hypothesized that those viewing an advertisement for CK versus factual information would have inaccurate impressions of effectiveness and safety.
METHODS
400 men aged 40-80 were randomly assigned to one of four arms: a de-identified CK advertisement, the same advertisement with disclaimers, scientific information obtained from review of contemporary peer-reviewed literature, and a control. Subjects answered questions regarding risks/benefits of CK and likelihood of pursuing CK versus other treatments. Regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with CK preference.
RESULTS
400 men were included. Compared to controls, those who viewed any of the three interventions were more likely to pursue CK over other treatments (p < 0.01), with a greater increase in the advertisement groups. Respondents who viewed scientific information were less likely to agree CK is superior regarding impotence and urinary dysfunction. Disclaimers decreased positive impressions of CK's side effects, but not effectiveness. Both advertisement and advertisement with disclaimer respondents were more likely to consider CK superior.
CONCLUSIONS
DTC medical advertisements can be misleading and impact laypersons' impressions. In this case, viewing an advertisement created inaccurate impressions regarding effectiveness and safety of UHF for prostate cancer.
背景
虽然直接面向消费者（DTC）的医疗广告可以提供有用的信息，但也存在过度简化和误导的风险。对于一种名为“超超分割”（UHF）的简化前列腺癌治疗方案，广告已经用于 CyberKnife（CK），这是立体定向体放射治疗的常用输送系统。我们假设，那些观看 CK 广告与事实信息的人会对其有效性和安全性产生不准确的印象。
方法
400 名年龄在 40-80 岁的男性被随机分配到四个组中的一个：一个 CK 的去识别广告、带有免责声明的相同广告、从当代同行评议文献综述中获得的科学信息和对照组。参与者回答了关于 CK 的风险/益处以及追求 CK 与其他治疗方法的可能性的问题。回归分析用于确定与 CK 偏好相关的因素。
结果
共纳入 400 名男性。与对照组相比，观看任何三种干预措施的人更有可能选择 CK 而不是其他治疗方法（p<0.01），在广告组中增加幅度更大。观看科学信息的受访者不太可能认为 CK 在勃起功能障碍和尿功能障碍方面更优越。免责声明减少了对 CK 副作用的正面印象，但没有降低其有效性。广告和带免责声明的广告受访者更有可能认为 CK 更优越。
结论
DTC 医疗广告可能具有误导性，并影响非专业人士的印象。在这种情况下，观看广告会对 UHF 治疗前列腺癌的有效性和安全性产生不准确的印象。
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