Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
Tobacco Control Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
Environ Int. 2020 Jul;140:105738. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105738. Epub 2020 May 1.
Second-hand smoke exposure in the home is a serious cause of ill-health for children. Behaviour change interventions have been developed to encourage parents to keep homes smoke-free. This study evaluates a novel air quality feedback intervention using remote air quality monitoring with SMS and email messaging to promote smoke-free homes among families from deprived areas.
This paper presents a pre-post study of this intervention. Using internet connected monitors developed with the Dylos DC1700, daily SMS and weekly email feedback provided for 16 days to participants recruited in four European countries. Participants were recruited based on their stage of change, in order to target those most able to achieve smoke-free homes. The primary outcome measure was median change in mean fine particulate matter (PM) concentration between baseline and follow-up periods, while secondary outcome measures included change in time over the World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline limit for PM exposure over 24 h (25 µg/m) in those periods and the number of homes where PM concentrations reduced. Telephone interviews were conducted with participants in Scotland post-intervention to explore intervention experience and perceived effectiveness.
Of 86 homes that completed the intervention study, 57 (66%) experienced pre-post reductions in measured PM. The median reduction experienced was 4.1 µg/m (a reduction of 19% from baseline, p = 0.008). Eight homes where concentrations were higher than the WHO guideline limit at baseline fell below that level at follow-up. In follow-up interviews, participants expressed positive views on the usefulness of air quality feedback.
Household air quality monitoring with SMS and email feedback can lead to behaviour change and consequent reductions in SHS in homes, but within the context of our study few homes became totally smoke-free.
家庭中二手烟暴露对儿童健康是一个严重的问题。已经开发了行为改变干预措施，以鼓励父母保持家庭无烟。本研究评估了一种新的空气质量反馈干预措施，使用远程空气质量监测、短信和电子邮件消息传递，促进贫困地区家庭的无烟家庭。
本研究采用预-后研究设计。参与者来自四个欧洲国家，通过互联网连接的 Dylos DC1700 监测器，每天发送短信，每周发送电子邮件反馈，持续 16 天。参与者根据其改变阶段进行招募，以针对那些最有可能实现无烟家庭的人群。主要结局测量指标是基线和随访期间平均细颗粒物（PM）浓度的中位数变化，次要结局测量指标包括在此期间超过世界卫生组织（WHO）规定的 24 小时 PM 暴露限值（25µg/m）的时间变化以及 PM 浓度降低的家庭数量。在干预后，对苏格兰的参与者进行电话访谈，以探讨干预经验和感知效果。
86 个完成干预研究的家庭中，有 57 个（66%）家庭经历了测量 PM 的前后降低。中位数降低幅度为 4.1µg/m（与基线相比降低 19%，p=0.008）。基线时浓度高于 WHO 指南限值的 8 个家庭在随访时降至该水平以下。在随访访谈中，参与者对空气质量反馈的有用性表示了积极的看法。
家庭空气质量监测与短信和电子邮件反馈可以导致行为改变，并随之减少家庭中的 SHS，但在我们的研究中，很少有家庭完全无烟。
