Sun Ruichen, Delly Joseph, Sereno Emily, Wong Sean, Chen Xinyu, Wang Yuxuan, Huang Yan, Greenspan Ralph J
Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2020 Apr 7;14:41. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00041. eCollection 2020.
Anti-instinctive learning, an ability to modify an animal's innate behaviors in ways that go against one's innate tendency, can confer great evolutionary advantages to animals and enable them to better adapt to the changing environment. Yet, our understanding of anti-instinctive learning and its underlying mechanisms is still limited. In this work, we describe a new anti-instinctive learning behavior of fruit flies. This learning paradigm requires the fruit fly to respond to a recurring, aversive, mild heat stress by modifying its innate locomotion behavior. We found that experiencing movement-triggered mild heat stress repeatedly significantly reduced walking activity in wild type fruit flies, indicating that fruit flies are capable of anti-instinctive learning. We also report that such learning ability is reduced in dopamine 1-like receptor 1 (Dop1R1) null mutant and dopamine 2-like receptor (Dop2R) null mutant flies, suggesting that these two dopamine receptors are involved in mediating anti-instinctive learning in flies.
反本能学习是一种以违背动物先天倾向的方式改变其先天行为的能力，它能赋予动物巨大的进化优势，使其能更好地适应不断变化的环境。然而，我们对反本能学习及其潜在机制的理解仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们描述了果蝇的一种新的反本能学习行为。这种学习范式要求果蝇通过改变其先天的运动行为来应对反复出现的、厌恶的、轻度热应激。我们发现，野生型果蝇反复经历运动引发的轻度热应激会显著降低其行走活动，这表明果蝇具有反本能学习能力。我们还报告说，多巴胺1样受体1（Dop1R1）基因敲除突变体和多巴胺2样受体（Dop2R）基因敲除突变体果蝇的这种学习能力降低，这表明这两种多巴胺受体参与介导果蝇的反本能学习。
