Habel Christoph, Tsurko Evgeny S, Timmins Renee L, Hutschreuther Julia, Kunz Raphael, Schuchardt Dominik D, Rosenfeldt Sabine, Altstädt Volker, Breu Josef
Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany.
Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, Bayreuth, 95447, Germany.
ACS Nano. 2020 Jun 23;14(6):7018-7024. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01633. Epub 2020 May 20.
Upcoming efficient air-borne wind energy concepts and communication technologies applying lighter-than-air platforms require high-performance barrier coatings, which concomitantly and nonselectively block permeation not only of helium but also of ozone and water vapor. Similarly, with the emergence of green hydrogen economy, lightweight barrier materials for storage and transport of this highly diffusive gas are very much sought-after, particularly in aviation technology. Here the fabrication of ultraperformance nanocomposite barrier liners by spray coating lamellar liquid crystalline dispersions of high aspect ratio (∼20 000) silicate nanosheets mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) on a PET substrate foil is presented. Lightweight nanocomposite liners with 50 wt % filler content are obtained showing helium and hydrogen permeabilities as low as 0.8 and 0.6 cm μm m day atm, respectively. This exhibits an improvement up to a factor of 4 × 10 as compared to high-barrier polymers such as ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers. Furthermore, ozone resistance, illustrated by oxygen permeability measurements at elevated relative humidity (75% r.h.), and water vapor resistance are demonstrated. Moreover, the technically benign processing by spray coating will render this barrier technology easily transferable to real lighter-than-air technologies or irregular- and concave-shaped hydrogen tanks.
即将出现的高效机载风能概念以及应用比空气轻的平台的通信技术需要高性能阻隔涂层，这种涂层不仅能同时且非选择性地阻隔氦气，还能阻隔臭氧和水蒸气的渗透。同样，随着绿色氢能经济的出现，用于储存和运输这种高扩散性气体的轻质阻隔材料备受追捧，尤其是在航空技术领域。本文介绍了通过在PET基底箔上喷涂高纵横比（约20000）的硅酸盐纳米片与聚乙烯醇混合的层状液晶分散体来制备超高性能纳米复合阻隔衬里。获得了填料含量为50 wt%的轻质纳米复合衬里，其氦气和氢气渗透率分别低至0.8和0.6 cm·μm/(m²·day·atm)。与乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物等高阻隔聚合物相比，这显示出高达4×10倍的改善。此外，通过在较高相对湿度（75%相对湿度）下测量氧气渗透率证明了其耐臭氧性，并且展示了其耐水蒸气性。此外，通过喷涂进行的技术上无害的加工将使这种阻隔技术易于转移到实际的比空气轻的技术或不规则和凹形的氢气罐上。
