Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Cognitive Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
PLoS One. 2020 May 6;15(5):e0232579. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232579. eCollection 2020.
The present study examines the development of plot, evaluative and syntactic complexity in children's narratives and its relationship with gender, ToM, executive function and linguistic recursive ability. One hundred and five Turkish-speaking children distributed across 4 age groups (four-, five-, seven-eight-, and ten-eleven-year-olds) and 15 adults participated in (a) Elicitation of Narratives Task, (b) Emotional Stroop Task, (c) First- or Second-Order ToM Task (depending on their age), (d) Real-Apparent Emotion Task (four-year-olds), and (e) Comprehension of Complement Clauses Task. Among the three domains of complexity, only plot complexity was found to be related to gender and to develop significantly, in particular at 5 and 7 years of age. Evaluative complexity was low in children in all age groups and was not predicted by any factor. Syntactic complexity was predicted by executive function. These findings are discussed considering the cognitive, linguistic and sociocultural nature of narration.
本研究考察了儿童叙事中情节、评价和句法复杂性的发展及其与性别、心理理论、执行功能和语言递归能力的关系。105 名土耳其语儿童被分配到 4 个年龄组（4 岁、5 岁、7-8 岁和 10-11 岁）和 15 名成年人，参与了以下测试：（a）叙事诱发任务；（b）情绪斯特鲁普任务；（c）第一或第二顺序心理理论任务（取决于他们的年龄）；（d）真实-虚假情绪任务（4 岁）；和（e）补语从句理解任务。在三个复杂领域中，只有情节复杂性与性别有关，并且在 5 岁和 7 岁时显著发展。在所有年龄组中，评价复杂性都较低，且不受任何因素预测。句法复杂性由执行功能预测。考虑到叙事的认知、语言和社会文化性质，对这些发现进行了讨论。
