Silva Caroline Ramos de Moura, Bezerra Jorge, Soares Fernanda Cunha, Mota Jorge, Barros Mauro Virgílio Gomes de, Tassitano Rafael Miranda
Grupo de Pesquisa em Estilos de Vida e Saúde, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil.
Centro de Investigação em Actividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Cad Saude Publica. 2020 Apr 30;36(4):e00081019. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00081019. eCollection 2020.
In Brazil, physical activity is a priority area in health promotion in the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS). The study aims to describe users' profiles and the barriers and facilitators in basic healthcare for participation in programs to promote physical activity. This was a statewide cross-sectional study in municipalities (counties) in Pernambuco State. Between 2 and 21 individuals were interviewed per municipality, using a previous tested instrument, validated in the following dimensions: sociodemographic; health status; participation; information on the program; reasons for participation; facilitators; barriers; and preference of activities. Descriptive and inferential analyses (chi-square) were performed. The sample consisted of 1,153 users, 35.9% of whom between 41-59 years of age; 90.1% lived in urban areas; 58.2% had participated in physical activities for at least a year. Weekly frequency of 3-4 days was 44.9%, and 71.1% practiced activities of an hour or more. The results showed that 40% of the barriers to participation in physical activity programs and 77.5% of the facilitators belonged to the intrapersonal domain. The most prevalent barrier was "current health condition" and the facilitator was the desire "to be healthier". Women perceived more barriers than men. The conclusion is that barriers and facilitators from the intrapersonal domain, related to health, are the main factors involved in users' engagement and retention in programs and interventions to promote physical activity, developed in basic healthcare services in the state of Pernambuco.
在巴西，体育活动是巴西统一国家卫生系统（SUS）健康促进工作中的一个优先领域。本研究旨在描述参与体育活动促进项目的基本医疗保健用户的特征、障碍和促进因素。这是一项在伯南布哥州各市（县）开展的全州横断面研究。每个市采访2至21人，使用之前经过测试的工具，该工具在以下维度得到验证：社会人口统计学；健康状况；参与情况；项目信息；参与原因；促进因素；障碍；以及活动偏好。进行了描述性和推断性分析（卡方检验）。样本包括1153名用户，其中35.9%年龄在41至59岁之间；90.1%居住在城市地区；58.2%参与体育活动至少一年。每周锻炼3至4天的频率为44.9%，71.1%的人进行一小时或更长时间的活动。结果表明，参与体育活动项目的障碍中有40%以及促进因素中有77.5%属于个人内在领域。最普遍的障碍是“当前健康状况”，促进因素是“想要更健康”的愿望。女性比男性察觉到更多障碍。结论是，在伯南布哥州基本医疗保健服务中开展的促进体育活动的项目和干预措施里，与健康相关的个人内在领域的障碍和促进因素是影响用户参与和持续参与的主要因素。
