Pickard Vanessa, O'Regan Noel B, Sheppard Gillian, Dubrowski Adam
Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland/Janeway, St. John's, CAN.
Anesthesiology, Memorial University of Newfoundland/Janeway, St. John's, CAN.
Cureus. 2020 Apr 2;12(4):e7510. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7510.
Post-operative myocardial infarctions (MI) are a challenging diagnosis due to the alterations in the presenting complaint compared to an acute MI. Patients may be asymptomatic due to their anesthetics and sedatives from their operation which may create clinical confusion. As such, there is an increased risk for delayed administration of reperfusion therapies in this patient population which has shown to increase morbidity and mortality. It is anticipated that the difficulty of recognizing a post-operative MI would be exacerbated for clinical clerks due to their lack of clinical experience and overstimulation. Fortunately, the use of simulation-based learning has been proven to be a useful teaching tool to help clinical clerks manage medical problems in a controlled environment. This technical report describes a simulation case designed to enhance the recognition and response to a post-operative MI by a third-year clinical clerk. In this scenario, a 56-year-old male accountant presents with shortness of breath while recovering in the orthopaedic ward 12 hours following a total knee replacement (TKR). The clinical clerks are expected to conduct an independent follow-up prior to finishing their shift during which the patient begins complaining of shortness of breath. The clerk is required to order an electrocardiogram (ECG) for further analysis which reveals an anterior ST-segment elevation. Once recognized, a request for the crash cart and patient handover to the senior physician are expected.
与急性心肌梗死相比,术后心肌梗死的诊断颇具挑战性,因为其主诉症状有所改变。由于手术使用的麻醉剂和镇静剂,患者可能无症状,这可能导致临床诊断混乱。因此,该患者群体接受再灌注治疗的延迟风险增加,而这已显示会增加发病率和死亡率。预计临床实习医生由于缺乏临床经验且过度劳累,识别术后心肌梗死的难度会更大。幸运的是,基于模拟的学习已被证明是一种有用的教学工具,可帮助临床实习医生在可控环境中处理医疗问题。本技术报告描述了一个模拟病例,旨在提高三年级临床实习医生对术后心肌梗死的识别和应对能力。在这个场景中,一名56岁的男性会计师在全膝关节置换术(TKR)后12小时,于骨科病房恢复期间出现呼吸急促。临床实习医生预计在轮班结束前进行独立随访,在此期间患者开始抱怨呼吸急促。实习医生需要开出心电图(ECG)进行进一步分析,结果显示前壁ST段抬高。一旦识别出病情,应请求推来急救推车并将患者交接给上级医生。