用于失眠的处方药。

Prescription Drugs Used in Insomnia.

作者信息

Dujardin Sylvie, Pijpers Angelique, Pevernagie Dirk

机构信息

Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, PO Box 61, Heeze 5590 AB, The Netherlands.

Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, PO Box 61, Heeze 5590 AB, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

出版信息

Sleep Med Clin. 2020 Jun;15(2):133-145. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.02.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.02.002

PMID:32386689

Abstract

The scope of this article is to review the effects on sleep of prescription drugs that are commonly prescribed for chronic insomnia in adults. The following groups are discussed: benzodiazepines and its receptor agonists, the dual orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant, melatonin and its receptor agonists, sedating antidepressants, and antipsychotics. Together with the neurobiologic and pharmacologic properties of these drugs, clinical effects are described, including subjective and objective effects on sleep duration, continuity, and architecture. Medical prescription information is given when available. Recently published American and European guidelines for the treatment of insomnia serve as reference frame.

摘要

本文的范围是回顾常用于治疗成人慢性失眠的处方药对睡眠的影响。讨论了以下几类药物：苯二氮䓬类及其受体激动剂、双重食欲素受体拮抗剂苏沃雷生、褪黑素及其受体激动剂、镇静性抗抑郁药和抗精神病药。结合这些药物的神经生物学和药理学特性，描述了其临床效果，包括对睡眠时间、连续性和结构的主观和客观影响。如有可用信息，还会提供药物处方信息。最近发布的美国和欧洲失眠治疗指南作为参考框架。