National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2020 Nov;38(11):1232-1244. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.03.015. Epub 2020 May 6.
Seaweeds or macroalgae are attractive candidates for carbon capture, while also supplying a sustainable photosynthetic bioenergy feedstock, thanks to their cultivation potential in offshore marine farms. Seaweed cultivation requires minimal external nutrient requirements and allows for year-round production of biomass. Despite this potential, there remain significant challenges associated with realizing large-scale, sustainable agronomics, as well as in the development of an efficient biomass deconstruction and conversion platform to fuels and products. Recent biotechnology progress in the identification of enzymatic deconstruction pathways, tailored to complex polymers in seaweeds, opens up opportunities for more complete utilization of seaweed biomass components. Effective, scalable, and economically viable conversion processes tailored to seaweed are discussed and gaps are identified for yield and efficiency improvements.
海藻或大型藻类是具有吸引力的碳捕获候选物，同时由于其在近海海洋养殖场的培养潜力，也为可持续的光合作用生物能源提供了原料。海藻养殖所需的外部营养物质最少，并且允许全年生产生物质。尽管有这种潜力，但在实现大规模可持续农业和开发高效生物质解构和转化为燃料和产品的平台方面仍然存在重大挑战。最近在鉴定适合海藻中复杂聚合物的酶解构途径方面的生物技术进展，为更充分地利用海藻生物质成分开辟了机会。讨论了针对海藻的有效、可扩展和经济上可行的转化工艺，并确定了提高产量和效率的差距。
