Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands(1).
Cancer Treat Rev. 2020 Jun;86:102024. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102024. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
Gastroesophageal cancers are a major cause of death worldwide and treatment outcomes remain poor. Adequate predictive biomarkers have not been identified. Microsatellite instability (MSI) as a result of mismatch repair deficiency is present in four to twenty percent of gastroesophageal cancers and has been associated with favorable survival outcomes compared to microsatellite stable tumors. This prognostic advantage may be related to immunosurveillance, which may also explain the favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibition observed in MSI high (MSI-H) tumors. The value of conventional cytotoxic treatment in MSI-H tumors is unclear and results on its efficacy range from detrimental to beneficial effects. Here the recent data on MSI as a predictive factor for outcome of gastroesophageal cancer treatment is reviewed.
胃食管癌症是全球主要的死亡原因，治疗效果仍然不佳。尚未确定充分的预测性生物标志物。微卫星不稳定性（MSI）是由于错配修复缺陷引起的，存在于 4% 至 20%的胃食管癌症中，与微卫星稳定的肿瘤相比，其生存结果更好。这种预后优势可能与免疫监视有关，这也可能解释了在 MSI 高（MSI-H）肿瘤中观察到的对免疫检查点抑制的有利反应。在 MSI-H 肿瘤中，传统细胞毒性治疗的价值尚不清楚，其疗效结果从有害到有益不等。本文回顾了 MSI 作为胃食管癌症治疗结果的预测因素的最新数据。
