J Emerg Nurs. 2020 May;46(3):294-301. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2020.02.001.
Acute extremity compartment syndrome is considered an orthopedic emergency that has serious consequences if a correct diagnosis is not made rapidly. Patients who lose consciousness due to a drug overdose are known to collapse onto their extremities. The limbs are compressed for hours, placing them at an increased risk for acute extremity compartment syndrome and its sequelae. Compartment syndrome due to a compression of a limb from loss of consciousness secondary to drug overdose, presents unique issues to health care providers. In the setting of overdose compartment syndrome, it is similar to the more common traumatic type of compartment syndrome with respect to the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. However, it differs in relation to the muscles affected, physical assessment strategy, and accurately determining the amount of the time from onset of injury to the presentation of symptoms. The purpose of this article is to facilitate emergency department nurses' understanding of the complexities of overdose compartment syndrome, combined with the importance of early recognition of the condition. In addition, the authors review the pathophysiology, the traditional and innovative diagnostic techniques, and the current treatment options available for overdose compartment syndrome.
急性四肢间隔综合征被认为是一种骨科急症，如果不能迅速做出正确的诊断，可能会产生严重的后果。因药物过量而失去意识的患者会摔倒在四肢上。四肢被压迫数小时，使他们处于急性四肢间隔综合征及其后遗症的高风险中。由于药物过量导致意识丧失而引起的四肢压迫导致的间隔综合征，给医疗保健提供者带来了独特的问题。在过量间隔综合征的情况下，它与更常见的创伤性间隔综合征在病理生理学、诊断和治疗方面相似。然而，它在受影响的肌肉、体格检查策略以及准确确定从损伤开始到出现症状的时间长短方面存在差异。本文的目的是帮助急诊护士了解药物过量间隔综合征的复杂性，同时认识到早期识别该病症的重要性。此外，作者还回顾了药物过量间隔综合征的病理生理学、传统和创新的诊断技术以及目前可用的治疗选择。
