Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Vita, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 May 1;19(2):383-389. eCollection 2020 Jun.
The rearfoot angle (RFA) is a biomechanical variable widely used to determine the rearfoot motion (RM). Shoe manufacturers began to develop running shoes with RM control that would supposedly alter foot-ground interaction mechanics and neutralize excessive pronation or supination; moreover, some studies have not shown differences in rearfoot motion in shod condition compared to barefoot. This study intended to answer three questions: Do the shoes runners wear correspond to their respective barefoot RM? Does the eversion angle change during shod running, regardless the shoes worn? Can footwear designed for a specific RM (supination, pronation, neutral) correct or neutralize the eversion angle of runners? One hundred and eleven runners (38.6 ± 9.7years; 74.9 ± 12.0kg; 1.74 ± 0.08 m), who ran an average of 32 ± 17km/week, were included in this cross-sectional study. They had their RFA measured by a motion capture system when running barefoot and wearing their habitual running shoes (shod condition). Chi-squared test was used to assess associations between barefoot and shod condition and RFA was compared between conditions using Wilcoxon tests (p = 0.05). There was no association between the type of running shoe and barefoot RM (p > 0.05). There was an association between RFA when barefoot and when shod (p < 0.05). Among all participants classified as neutral, 61% continued to exhibit a normal/neutral RFA when wearing their habitual shoes. Among the overpronators, 100% showed a change in the RM to either normal or supinator. Among the participants classified as supinators, 62% exhibited normal pronation when shod even without using the appropriate footwear, claimed by the manufacturer. Only 44.1% of the sample chose the correct running shoe for their barefoot RM. The majority of runners did not choose their shoes designed for their natural type of RM. The rearfoot eversion angle changed an average 4 degrees when running shod and the RM barefoot altered quite a lot when using a running shoe. The running shoes did not correct the pronation detected barefoot, as claimed by the manufacturers.
后跟角度（RFA）是一种广泛用于确定后足运动（RM）的生物力学变量。制鞋商开始开发具有 RM 控制功能的跑鞋，据称这种跑鞋可以改变足地相互作用的力学特性，并中和过度旋前或旋后；此外，一些研究表明，在穿鞋和赤脚两种情况下，后足运动没有差异。本研究旨在回答三个问题：跑步者穿的鞋是否与他们各自的赤脚 RM 相符？在穿鞋跑步时，外翻角度是否会发生变化，而不管穿的是什么鞋？为特定 RM（旋后、旋前、中立）设计的鞋能否纠正或中和跑步者的外翻角度？本横断面研究纳入了 111 名跑步者（38.6±9.7 岁；74.9±12.0kg；1.74±0.08m），他们平均每周跑步 32±17km。他们在赤脚和穿着惯用跑鞋（穿鞋状态）时通过运动捕捉系统测量 RFA。卡方检验用于评估赤脚和穿鞋状态之间的关联，Wilcoxon 检验用于比较两种状态下的 RFA（p=0.05）。跑鞋类型与赤脚 RM 之间没有关联（p>0.05）。赤脚和穿鞋时的 RFA 之间存在关联（p<0.05）。在所有被归类为中立的参与者中，61%在穿着惯用鞋子时仍表现出正常/中立的 RFA。在过度旋前者中，100%的人 RM 发生变化，要么变为正常，要么变为旋后。在被归类为旋前者的参与者中，即使没有使用制造商声称的合适鞋子，62%的人在穿鞋时仍表现出正常的旋前。样本中只有 44.1%的人选择了适合自己赤脚 RM 的跑鞋。大多数跑步者没有选择适合他们自然 RM 类型的鞋子。穿鞋跑步时，后足外翻角度平均变化 4 度，穿鞋时赤脚 RM 变化很大。跑鞋并没有纠正制造商声称的赤脚检测到的旋前。
