基于消费者可穿戴活动追踪器的干预措施能否改善慢性病患者的身体活动和心脏代谢健康？一项随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。

Can consumer wearable activity tracker-based interventions improve physical activity and cardiometabolic health in patients with chronic diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

机构信息

REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.

BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.

出版信息

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 May 11;17(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-00955-2.

DOI:10.1186/s12966-020-00955-2

PMID:32393357

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7216601/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

To date, it is unclear if consumer wearable activity trackers (CWATs), with or without behaviour multi-component strategies, effectively improve adherence to physical activity and health outcomes under free living conditions in populations with chronic diseases. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the efficacy of CWAT-based interventions to promote physical activity levels and cardiometabolic health in populations with chronic diseases.

METHODS

Randomised controlled trials were collected from five bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAHL). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated a CWAT-based counselling intervention versus control intervention among patients with chronic respiratory diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, overweight/obesity, cognitive disorders, or sedentary older adults. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.

RESULTS

After deduplication 8147 were identified of which 35 studies met inclusion criteria (chronic respiratory diseases: 7, type 2 diabetes mellitus: 12, cardiovascular diseases: 6, overweight/obesity: 3, cognitive disorders: 1, sedentary older adults: 6). Compared to control groups, CWAT-based interventions significantly increased physical activity by 2123 steps per day (95% confidence interval [CI], [1605-2641]; p < 0.001). In addition, CWAT-based interventions in these populations significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (- 3.79 mm Hg; 95% CI: [- 4.53, - 3.04] mm Hg; p < 0.001), waist circumference (- 0.99 cm; 95% CI: [- 1.48, - 0.50] cm; p < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (- 5.70 mg/dl; 95% CI: [- 9.24, - 2.15] mg/dl; p = 0.002).

CONCLUSION

CWAT-based interventions increase physical activity and have beneficial effects on important health-related outcomes such as systolic blood pressure, waist circumference and LDL cholesterol concentration in patients with chronic diseases.

摘要

背景

迄今为止，尚不清楚在慢性病患者的自由生活环境下，带有或不带有行为多组分策略的消费类可穿戴活动追踪器（CWAT）是否能有效提高身体活动依从性和健康结果。因此，我们系统地评估了基于 CWAT 的干预措施在慢性病患者中促进身体活动水平和心脏代谢健康的效果。

方法

从五个文献数据库（PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane 中央对照试验注册库和 CINAHL）中收集了随机对照试验。如果评估了基于 CWAT 的咨询干预与慢性病患者（慢性呼吸系统疾病、2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病、超重/肥胖、认知障碍或久坐的老年人）的对照组之间的关系，则研究符合纳入标准。使用随机效应模型对数据进行汇总。

结果

经过去重后，共识别出 8147 篇文章，其中 35 项研究符合纳入标准（慢性呼吸系统疾病：7 项，2 型糖尿病：12 项，心血管疾病：6 项，超重/肥胖：3 项，认知障碍：1 项，久坐的老年人：6 项）。与对照组相比，基于 CWAT 的干预措施可使身体活动量平均每天增加 2123 步（95%置信区间 [CI]：[1605-2641]；p<0.001）。此外，CWAT 干预在这些人群中还显著降低了收缩压（-3.79 毫米汞柱；95%CI：[-4.53，-3.04]毫米汞柱；p<0.001）、腰围（-0.99 厘米；95%CI：[-1.48，-0.50]厘米；p<0.001）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（-5.70 毫克/分升；95%CI：[-9.24，-2.15]毫克/分升；p=0.002）。